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Öğe Assessment of the usability conditions of Sb2O3-PbO-B2O3 glasses for shielding purposes in some medical radioisotope and a wide gamma-ray energy spectrum(DE GRUYTER POLAND SP Z O O, 2022) Almisned, Ghada; Şen Baykal, Duygu; Kılıç, Gökhan; Susoy, Gülfem; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Ene, Antoaneta; Tekin, Hüseyin OzanWe report some fundamental gamma-ray shielding properties and individual transmission factors (TFs) of five distinct glass samples with a nominal composition of xSb(2)O(3)center dot (40 - x)PbO center dot 60B(2)O(3)center dot 0.5CuO and (where; 0 <= x <= 40 mol%). Phy-X/PSD and MCNPX (version 2.7.0) Monte Carlo code are utilized to determine several critical parameters, such as cross-sections, attenuation coefficients, half and tenth value layers, build-up factors, and TFs. A general transmission setup is designed using basic requirements. Accordingly, TFs are evaluated for several medical radioisotopes. Next, the gamma-ray shielding parameters and TFs are assessed together in terms of providing the validity of the findings. Our results showed that there is a positive contribution of increasing Sb2O3 amount in the glass matrix owing its direct effect to the density increment as well. This positive effect on gamma-ray shielding properties is also observed for decreasing mean free path values from S1 to S5 samples. The exposure build-up factor (EBF) and energy absorption build-up factor (EABF) values, increasing the quantity of Sb2O3 supplementation, resulted in a general reduction in EBF and EABF values (i.e., from 0.5 to 40 mfp). When the quantity of Sb2O3 rises from S1 to S5, the collision rate of incoming gamma rays in glass samples increases significantly. The TF figures reveal that S5 showed the least transmission behavior across all the above-mentioned studied glass thicknesses. It can be concluded that increasing the Sb2O3 additive is a beneficial and monotonic technique, when the gamma-ray shielding qualities or TF values must be further enhanced.Öğe Bismuth(III) oxide and boron(III) oxide substitution in bismuth-boro-zinc glasses: a focusing in nuclear radiation shielding properties(ELSEVIER GMBH, 2023) Almisned, Ghada; Bilal, Ghaida; Şen Baykal, Duygu; Ali, Fatema T.; Kılıç, G.; Tekin, Hüseyin OzanDoping the glass structure with Bi2O3 `is known to increase structural stability, and to drastically alter physical parameters including density and molar volume. The goal of this work was to assess the nuclear radiation attenuation competences of several types of glasses based on the xBi2O3-(70x)B2O3-8BaO-16ZnO-5.5SiO2- 0.5Sb2O3 system. In order to determine the requisite gamma shielding parameters, as well as effective conductivity at 300 K and buildup factors, five different glasses with varied Bi2O3 concentration (i.e., from 10 mol.% to 30 mol.%) were examined thoroughly. These critical parameters were determined using the Phy-X/PSD program. In addition, factors such as half value layer (HVL), tenth value layer (TVL), and mean free path (mfp) were examined over a wide energy range of 0.015-15 MeV. The findings revealed that the amount of Bi2O3 reinforced in each sample is critical in determining the samples' shielding abilities. The linear attenuation coefficients (mu) and mass attenuation coefficient (mu m) values were reported in the highest level for the sample with the highest Bi2O3 content. For glass sample A5, the lowest mean free path, half value layer, and tenth value layer values were also reported. The effective conductivity and effective atomic number had an inverse relationship with photon energy, meaning that as energy increased, the effective conductivity and effective atomic number declined fast, especially in low-energy regions. The greatest values for both parameters were found in glass sample A5. Furthermore, the exposure buildup factor and energy absorption buildup factor values for glass sample A5 were the lowest. A5 glass sample with the chemical composition 30Bi2O3-(70 30) B2O3-8BaO-16ZnO-5.5SiO2- 0.5Sb2O3 and a density of 5.8391 g/ cm3 was found to have exceptional gamma-ray attenuation qualities, according to our findings. It can be concluded that the prospective attributes of Bi2O3-doped glass systems and associated glass compositions would be beneficial for scientific community in terms of providing a clearer view for some advanced applications of these glass types.Öğe A critical evaluation on nuclear safety properties of novel cadmium oxide-rich glass containers for transportation and waste management: benchmarking with a reinforced concrete container(FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2022) Almisned, Ghada; Şen Baykal, Duygu; Kılıç, Gökhan; İlik, Erkan; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Ene, Antoaneta; Tekin, Hüseyin OzanWe examine the nuclear safety properties of a newly designed cadmiumoxide-rich glass container for nuclear material to a bitumen-reinforced concrete container. Individual transmission factors, detectormodelling, and energy deposition (MeV/g) in the air are calculated using MCNPX (version 2.7.0) general purpose Monte Carlo code. Two container configurations are designed with the material properties of cadmium dioxide-rich glass and Concrete + Bitument in consideration. First, individual transmission factors for 60Co and 137Cs radioisotopes are calculated. To evaluate potential environmental consequences, energy deposition amounts in the air for 60Co and 137Cs are also determined. The minimum gamma-ray transmission rates for two container types are reported for a cadmium dioxiderich glass container. In addition, the quantity of energy deposition is varied depending on the container type, with a lower value for cadmium dioxide-rich glass container. The 40% cadmium dioxide-doped glass container provides more effective safety than the Cement + Bitumen container, according to the overall findings. In conclusion, the utilization of cadmium dioxide-doped glass material along with its high transparency and advanced material properties may be a significant and effective option in areas where concrete is required to assure the safety of nuclear materials.Öğe Customization of silver(I) oxide incorporation ratio to enhance radiation attenuation properties in chalcogenide oxide reinforced glass-ceramics(Springer, 2024) Almisned, Ghada; Susoy, Gülfem; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Rabaa, Elaf; Kılıç, Göktuğ; Şen Baykal, Duygu; Tekin, Hüseyin OzanIn this study, we explored the gamma-ray shielding properties of As2O3 glass ceramics, which were doped with varying concentrations of Ag2O within chalcogenide oxides (SeO2 and TeO2). Utilizing the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) code for simulations, alongside the Phy-X/PSD software for theoretical validation, we aimed to understand the influence of Ag2O integration on the attenuation characteristics of these glass systems. Among the five glass compositions analyzed, ATSAg0.50, containing 0.50 mol% Ag2O, stood out due to its superior density and attenuation coefficients, suggesting enhanced shielding capabilities. Our methodology encompassed detailed assessments of linear and mass attenuation coefficients, alongside parameters like the half-value layer (HVL), mean free path (MFP), and transmission factors (TFs), across a wide photon energy spectrum. Notably, ATSAg0.50 exhibited the lowest TFs and shortest MFP, indicating its potential as an efficient shield against gamma radiation. Furthermore, its high linear attenuation coefficients across all energies emphasize the pivotal role of material composition and density in effective radiation protection. It can be concluded that ATSAg0.50 emerges as a promising candidate for gamma-ray shielding applications, balancing material efficiency with performance.Öğe High-Density Lead Germanate Glasses with Enhanced Gamma and Neutron Shielding Performance: Impact of PbO Concentration on Attenuation Properties(Prof.Dr. İskender AKKURT, 2025) Alkarrani, Hessa; Şen Baykal, Duygu; ALMisned, Ghada; Tekin, Hüseyin OzanLead germanate glasses, improved with lead oxide (PbO), have emerged as effective materials for radiation shielding due to their increased density and structural robustness. The goal of this study is to find out how well lead germanate glasses with PbO concentrations between 20 and 55 mol% can block gamma rays and neutrons. The Phy-X/PSD software was used to obtain important numbers like the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), the half-value layer (HVL), the mean free path (MFP), and the fast neutron removal cross section (FNRCS). The results show that the 55PbGe sample, which has the most PbO, has better gamma-ray attenuation and a low energy absorption buildup factor (EABF). This makes it a good choice option for locations requiring compact but efficient radiation shielding. The 50PbGe sample, on the other hand, demonstrates effective neutron shielding capabilities, suggesting it may be suitable for applications requiring protection against both gamma and neutron exposure. Higher PbO content is linked to better radiation blocking, which supports the idea that lead germanate glasses could be used instead of traditional lead-based shielding materials. © IJCESEN.Öğe Mechanical and, photon transmission properties of rare earth element (REE) doped BaO-B2O3-Li2O-Al2O3-P2O5 glasses for protection applications(Elsevier, 2024) ALMisned, Ghada; Şen Baykal, Duygu; Alkarrani, Hessa; Kılıç, G.; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Issa, Shams A. M.; Tekin, Hüseyin OzanThis study explores the dual functional capabilities of rare earth (REE) doped BaO-B2O3-Li2O-Al2O3-P2O5 glasses, with an emphasis on the 1.50Dy-Tb-Eu composition, previously recognized for its superior luminescent properties. By employing Monte Carlo simulations and Phy-X/PSD software, we have methodically evaluated the gamma-ray and neutron shielding efficacies of these materials. Our key findings indicate that the 1.50Dy-Tb-Eu sample not only excels in luminescence but also demonstrates superior gamma-ray shielding, characterized by low exposure buildup factors, and other related properties across varying energy spectra. Furthermore, the TbEu3.0 variant, enriched with the highest Europium (Eu) content among the bi-REE doped glasses, exhibited the most effective neutron attenuation. Additionally, our investigation into the mechanical properties of these glasses, through the estimation of their Elastic Moduli using a mixture rule approach, revealed a significant enhancement in stiffness with the incorporation of Dy, Eu, and Tb. The mechanical properties were evaluated using a mixture rule approach to estimate the Elastic Moduli. This highlights the crucial role of these dopants in not only improving the luminescent and radiation shielding capabilities but also in strengthening the mechanical integrity of the glasses. The study substantiates the premise that the integration of specific REE elements significantly enhances the glass materials' shielding properties without compromising their luminescent functionality. The obtained findings would be significant for implications on the development of advanced materials tailored for industries where high optical quality, effective radiation protection, and robust mechanical properties are paramount. It can be concluded that Dy-Tb-Eu incorporation into BaO-B2O3-Li2O-Al2O3-P2O5 glasses can be considered as a monotonic strategy to achieve a harmonious balance between luminescence, radiation shielding, and mechanical performance.Öğe Mechanical properties, elastic moduli, transmission factors, and gamma-ray-shielding performances of Bi2O3-P2O5-B2O3-V2O5 quaternary glass system(DE GRUYTER POLAND, 2022) Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; ALMisned, Ghada; Rammah, Yasser Saad; Susoy, Gulfem; Ali, Fatema T.; Şen Baykal, Duygu; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Issa, Shams A. M.; Ene, AntoanetaMechanical properties, elastic moduli, transmission factors (TFs), and gamma-ray shielding performance of quaternary glass systems with chemical composition (0.25-x)Bi2O3-xB(2)O(3)-0.75(50%P2O5-50%V2O5), where x = 0.05 (S1), 0.10 (S2), 0.15 (S3), and 0.20 (S4) mol%, were comprehensively studied. The MCNPX code, Phy-X/PSD software, and the Makishima-Mackenzie model were utilized to achieve the mentioned purposes. The values of the packing density (V (t)) decreased from 0.634432 to 0.600611, while those of the dissociation energy (G (t)) increased from 51.6125 kJ/cm(3) for the S1 glass sample (with Bi2O3 = 5 mol%) to 56.7525 kJ/cm(3) for the S4 glass sample (with Bi2O3 = 20 mol%). This means that the mechanical properties were enhanced by increasing the Bi2O3 content in glasses. Linear (mu) and mass attenuation (mu (m)) coefficients for the S4 glass sample were the greatest compared to those for glass materials investigated, i.e., (mu, mu (m))(S1) < (mu, mu (m))(S2) < (mu, mu (m))(S3) < (mu, mu (m))(S4). Half- and tenth-value layers (HVL and TVL, respectively) follow the trend: (HVL, TVL)(S1) > (HVL, TVL)(S2) > (HVL, TVL)(S3) > (HVL, TVL)(S4). The effective atomic number (Z (eff)) of investigated glasses has the same trend as of linear and mass attenuation coefficients. Our findings indicate that increasing the amount of Bi2O3 reinforcement decreased the exposure buildup factor and energy absorption buildup factor values for all mean free path values (0.5-40 mfp). All glasses recorded the minimum TF values at a thickness of 3 cm. The findings would benefit the scientific community in determining the most appropriate additive bismuth(iii) oxide/diboron trioxide type and related glass composition to provide the shielding properties previously mentioned in terms of needs and utilization requirements, as well as the most suitable glass composition.Öğe Mechanical properties, elastic moduli, transmission factors, and gamma-ray-shielding performances of Bi2O3-P2O5-B2O3-V2O5 quaternary glass system (vol 20, pg 314, 2022)(DE GRUYTER POLAND SP Z O O, 2022) Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Almisned, Ghada; Rammah, Yasser Saad; Susoy, Gülfem; Ali, Fatema T.; Şen Baykal, Duygu; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Issa, Shams A. M.; Ene, AntoanetaNo Abstract Available.
