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    A CBCT based cross sectional study on the prevalence and anatomical feature of c shaped molar among Jordanian
    (Nature Research, 2022) Al Omari, Taher; AlKhader, Mustafa; Atav Ateş, Ayfer; Wahjuningrum, Dian Agustin; Dkmak, Alaa; Khaled, Waheeb; Alzenate, Hazem
    The prevalence and anatomical features of C-Shaped Mandibular Second Molars (MSMs) are rarely studied in Jordanian sub-population. This study then took a part to evaluate the prevalence of C-shaped in MSMs using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in the Jordanian sub-population. It used a cross-sectional design and three thousand scans collected over eight years between 2011 and 2019. The data were then reviewed for whether they were fully formed of MSMs. A total of 2037 cases that had 2845 MSMs were evaluated to identify C-shaped canals at coronal, middle, and apical sites. An oblique slicing module perpendicular to the long axis of MSMs was used to evaluate the teeth. The type and frequency of C-shaped canals, as well as the correlations between sex and side (right/left) and between sex and groove direction (buccal/lingual) were measured using the chi-square test on SPSS software at the significance level of 95%. A total of 342 teeth of 243 patients were C-shaped molars, which comprised 12% of the patient’s teeth and 99 of them as a bilateral C-shaped canal with mean age of 40 years and sex ratio of 2:1 between female and male. With the limitations of this study, the lingual groove and type 3 were the most common properties of MSM. Besides, the Jordanian population mostly had C-shaped canals.
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    The usage of lasers in cleaning, shaping, and disinfection of root canal system
    (Wolters kluwer medknow publications, 2022) El-Farraj, Hamza; Alzenate, Hazem Mohammad; Al Charabi, Nahed; Al Khatib, Rana; Atav Ateş, Ayfer; Al Omari, Taher
    Since the laser was first used in endodontics in the 1970s, many studies have been conducted on this subject. This paper aims to summarize the studies about the effects of lasers in endodontics, which analyze the preparation and disinfection of the root canal system, postoperative pain, and the effect on the smear layer. The still-controversial question is; if lasers provide better results when used in tandem with conventional methods or alone. Another unknown factor is the side effects on teeth and surrounding tissues. With the increase in technology and knowledge in this field, developments are promising with different devices, laser tips, and wavelengths.