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    Mildronate Has Ameliorative Effects on the Experimental Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Model in the Rabbit Spinal Cord
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Ozaydin, Dilan; Bektasoglu, Pinar Kuru; Ture, Durukan; Bozkurt, Huseyin; Erguder, Berrin Imge; Sargon, Mustafa Fevzi; Arikok, Ata Turker
    -BACKGROUND: Mildronate is a useful anti-ischemic agent and has antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and neuro-protective activities. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential neuroprotective effects of mildronate in the experimental rabbit spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI) model. -METHODS: Rabbits were randomized into 5 groups of 8 animals as groups 1 (control), 2 (ischemia), 3 (vehicle), 4 (30 mg/kg methylprednisolone [MP]), and 5 (100 mg/kg mildr-onate). The control group underwent only laparotomy. The other groups have the spinal cord ischemia model by a 20-minute aortic occlusion just caudal to the renal artery. The malondialdehyde and catalase levels and caspase-3, myeloperoxidase, and xanthine oxidase activities were investigated. Neurologic, histopathologic, and ultrastruc-tural evaluations were also performed. -RESULTS: The serum and tissue myeloperoxidase, malondialdehyde, and caspase-3 values of the ischemia and vehicle groups were statistically significantly higher than those of the MP and mildronate groups (P < 0.001). Serum and tissue catalase values of the ischemia and vehicle groups were statistically significantly lower than those of the control, MP, and mildronate groups (P< 0.001). The histopathologic evaluation showed a statistically significantly lower score in the mildronate and MP groups than in the ischemia and vehicle groups (P < 0.001). The modified Tarlov scores of the ischemia and vehicle groups were statistically significantly lower than those of the control, MP, and mildronate groups (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONS: This study presented the antiin-flammatory, antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective effects of mildronate on SCIRI. Future studies will elucidate its possible use in clinical settings in SCIRI.