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Öğe Synthesizing the role of technological innovation on sustainable development and climate action: Does governance play a role in sub-Saharan Africa?(Elsevier, 2023) Ofori, Elvis Kwame; Ozturk, Ilhan; Bekun, Festus Victor; Alhassan, Abdulkareem; Gimba, Obadiah JonathanThe present study draws motivation from United Nation Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs) and its impact by 2030. To this end, the current study explored the nexus between energy consumption (SDG-7), climate action (SDG-13), and economic growth (SDG-8) while controlling for role of government apparatus such as like voice of accountability, rule of law, control of corruption and technology innovation in a balanced panel of 46 Sub-Saharan African (SSA) economies from 1996 to 2020. For a robust study, the present study leverages on secondgeneration estimator such as cross-sectional SUR, two-stage least square (2SLS), 2SLS is referred to as the superior estimators to traditional pool OLS due to its capabilities of including endogenous regressors and efficiency. Empirical findings show that all the coefficients associated with mobile subscription (lnTI) are negative and statistically significant at 1% level of significance (P-value <0.01). This indicates that higher (lower) mobile cellular subscriptions results in the reduction (rise) of renewable energy consumption, implying that technological innovation in terms of the expansion of mobile cellular subscription hinders access to clean energy in SSA. Conclusively, the present study presents interesting outcomes concerning technology innovation, Governance, and SDGs goal 7 (clean energy) and 13 (climate action) in Sub-Saharan African blocs. Policy strategies are outlined in the concluding section.Öğe Towards low carbon and sustainable environment: does income inequality mitigate ecological footprints in Sub-Saharan Africa?(Springer, 2023) Gimba, Obadiah Jonathan; Alhassan, Abdulkareem; Ozdeser, Huseyin; Ghardallou, Wafa; Seraj, Mehdi; Usman, OjonugwaThis paper contributes to the literature on the environment-economic development nexus by examining whether higher income inequality mitigates environmental degradation in Sub-Saharan Africa for the period 1995-2018. The paper uses the second-generation panel data estimation techniques through the novel augmented Anderson-Hsiao (AAH) estimator. This method allows regressors to be self-instrumenting and efficient with panel data where the cross-sectional units are greater than time and remains valid even when errors are correlated. The result of the Westerlund cointegration confirms the existence of a long-run relationship. Also, the AAH estimation finds that a 1% increase in income inequality is associated with a 0.567 decline in environmental degradation. Furthermore, a rise in GDP per capita is linked to a reduction in environmental pollution. However, it does not validate the existence of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis. Population growth and urbanization were found to exacerbate environmental degradation while access to electricity enhances a sustainable environment. To ensure the robustness of the AAH estimation, the Pseudo-Poison Maximum Likelihood Estimator with the high dimensional fixed effects was used. The results showed that, although the effects were smaller, all the coefficients survived. Therefore, our findings substantiate the marginal propensity to emit hypothesis which posits that in economies with high inequality, there is the likelihood that a large proportion of the population would reduce their energy and other carbon-intensive consumption, which consequently improves environmental quality. Although this channel of reducing emissions is not sustainable as it comes with huge economic losses. Policy recommendations were provided.