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    Effects of Turkish cultural products on its foreign policy toward Africa: Turkish TV series as an example of soft power in Kenya, Mozambique, and Senegal
    (Ediciones Profesionales Informacion Sl-Epi, 2023) Ruiz-Cabrera, Sebastian; Gurkan, Hasan
    Along with other international players such as China, India, or Russia, Turkey decided to increase its economic engagement with Africa starting more than a decade ago, around the time when the current ruling Justice and Development Party (AK Party) came to power. At the same time, it has been enhancing its soft power by building infrastructure, increasing its military presence, becoming visible in humanitarian aid, and exporting cultural products. This country's penetration and involvement in local African life have been controversial in terms of international politics, and its media products could be one of the essential strategies to change the dominant Western narratives. This research is based on the assertion that, through Turkish TV series, Turkish soft power creates a perception of Turkey in African countries and argues that those that have been aired on that continent have a political effect on people. To achieve the objectives proposed in this study, an in-depth interview method was used to collect data, taking into consideration information, cultural characteristics, and experiences within an ethnographic approach. In this context, we interviewed people who live in Mozambique, Kenya, and Senegal, where relations with Turkey have especially strengthened in the last 10 years, and who regularly watch Turkish TV series. This study asserts that Turkish TV series play an important role in the way Turkey is perceived in the African countries in which they are consumed but also serve, in a positive way, as a key information source regarding the country's image.
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    In the circle of tradition and conservatism: the heroic child in Turkish cinema according to collective values
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Gurkan, Hasan; Gezmen, Basak
    This study focuses on the representation of the child in Turkish cinema, particularly in films where the child is central to the narrative. Turkish cinema constructed a national cinematic language during the Yesilcam period (1950 - 1980), the most popular period of Turkish cinema, and representation of the child during this period is the basis of this study. Sezercik was an essential character in the history of Turkish cinema, and Sezercik films, of which there are nine, provide the sample of this study. In these films, family and educational theories manipulate the child and assign him the role of savior and confer a heroic mission on him at the moment of the disintegration of the nuclear family pumped by modernism. The child can be seen with traditional Turkish gender roles, establishing a national Turkish identity for the child: urban, embodying masculine values, heroic, and enacting the role of savior despite the fact of being a child. This heroism is portrayed within a broad framework and a range of contexts, from rescuing the disintegrating or disintegrated family to winning the freedom of the nation and ensuring its continuity.
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    Revisiting Women's Cinema: Feminism, Socialism, and Mainstream Culture in Modern China
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Gurkan, Hasan; Wang, Lingzhen
    [Abstract Not Available]
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    Understanding masculinity in Turkey through the films of male auteur directors
    (Univ Pittsburgh, Univ Library System, 2023) Gurkan, Hasan; Yarci, Isil
    This study focuses the representation of male characters in the films of contemporary male auteur directors in Turkey. Once Upon a Time in Anatolia (Zeki Demirkubuz, 2011), Underground (Demizkubuz, 2012), and Big World (Erdem, 2016) are explored using sociological film analysis. Unlike mainstream cinema, the protagonists in these directors' films do not demonstrate hegemonic masculinity; the supporting male characters that do demonstrate hegemonic masculinity category are not white Turks. Arguably, the male characters embody a new hybrid hegemonic masculinity that combines various masculinities to reproduce patriarchy. It can be stated that Others in these films are negatively affected.