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    CD123 immunoexpression in cutaneous lupus erythematosus, polymorphous light eruption, pityriasis rosea, and mycosis fungoides
    (TERMEDIA PUBLISHING HOUSE LTD, 2021) Karagün, Ebru; Gamsızkan, Mehmet; Büyücek, Şeyma; Coşkun, Sinem
    Introduction: CD123-positive plasmacytoid dendrocytes are prominent in the infiltrate of cutaneous lupus erythematous. Aim: To determine the significance of the CD123 immunostain, which labels plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), in cutaneous lupus erythematous (CLE), polymorphous light eruption (PLE), pityriasis rosea (PR) and mycosis fungoides Material and methods: A total of 76 cases, including MF (n = 27), CLE (n = 19), PR (n = 19), and PLE (n = 11), were included in the study after reviewing their diagnostic clinical features and pathologic findings. The primary antibody against CD123 was performed in all cases. Results: CD123+ immunostaining in PDCs was positive in all cases. The highest mean percentage was noted in CLE (15.2%), followed by PLE (15%), PR (8.8%), and MF (2%). Besides, the clustering of CD123-positive cells was significant in CLE and PLE compared to MF and PR. Conclusions: PDC may have an important role in the aetiology of PLE and CLE cases. CD123 is a useful marker for differentiating CLE and PLE from MF and PR.
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    Decreased oxidative stress markers in patients with active and generalized vitiligo
    (DUZCE UNIV, 2022) Alpay, M.; Özcan, Y.; Karagün, Ebru
    Objective: Oxidative stress has been shown to play a role in the pathophysiology of several diseases, making it a popular yet contentious research area. There is some evidence that selective melanocyte destruction may have developed in vitiligo patients as a result of elevated oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of oxidative stress on lipid, protein, and nucleic acid metabolism in vitiligo patients. Methods: We used ELISA method to measure serum oxidative stress markers in patients with generalized vitiligo who had newly formed lesions in the previous three months but had not been treated, as well as healthy controls. Malondialdehyde (MDA), 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazone (DNPH), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) levels were measured to assess the influence of reactive oxygen derivatives on lipid, protein, nucleic acid metabolism, and mitochondria, respectively. Results: The study included 84 participants, including 64 active generalized vitiligo patients and 20 healthy controls with similar age and gender distribution. In the serum of vitiligo patients, we detected significantly lower levels of MDA (ng/mL, mean +/- SD=12 +/- 19; 33.4 +/- 35.9), DNPH (ng/mL, mean +/- SD=2 +/- 3.1; 6 +/- 7.4), 8-OHdG (ng/mL, mean +/- SD=11.7 +/- 17.9; 32.7 +/- 37) and UCP2 (ng/mL, mean +/- SD=8.7 +/- 13.7; 21.5 +/- 28.4. Conclusions: Although there is significant evidence that oxidative stress plays a role in the pathophysiology of vitiligo, the studies should be interpreted cautiously due to the heterogeneity in the methodology, complexity of the oxidative stress pathways, and potential publication bias. Large-scale studies using a standardized methodology are required to determine how significant oxidative stress is in the core pathophysiology of vitiligo and which pathways it primarily affects.
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    Dermatopathological C,correlation of clinically challenging cutaneous lesions: a single center experience of 2184 cases
    (2022) Özcan, Yunus; Özlü, Emin; Karagün, Ebru; Uyar, Belkız; Gamsızkan, Mehmet
    Abstract Introduction: Although a trained eye can easily identify typical skin lesions, histopathological exam-ABSTRACT ination and clinicopathological correlation are critical in challenging cases. Objectives: The primary objective is to organize the final diagnoses reached following clinicopathological consensus in clinically challenging cutaneous lesions, identifying the most common diagnostic scenarios encountered by dermatopathologists and discussing their diverse differentials submitted by clinicians. The secondary objective is to investigate how the case profile and clinician decision-making processes evolved during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Skin and mucosa samples collected by the dermatology department between 2016 and 2020 were classified based on pathology reports. For frequent diagnoses, preliminary diagnoses stated by clinicians on pathology requisition forms were reviewed. The years preceding and following the first nationally reported COVID-19 case were compared to investigate the pandemic’s impact on the distribution of dermatology and dermatopathology cases. Results: One thousand nine hundred and eighty-nine reports were classified into 4 major categories: inflammatory (49.8%), neoplastic (30.1%), other diseases (7.1%), and non-diagnostic (12.8%). We further classified inflammatory diseases based on major tissue reaction patterns and neoplasms based on cell origin. We analyzed the leading diagnoses in each category, discussed their differential diagnoses, and provided clinicians with clues to reduce errors in practice. Following the pandemic, the overall number of pathology reports and patient admissions dropped dramatically, with significant changes in case profiles. Conclusions: We presented and discussed the frequently encountered confounding cases to sketch the diagnostic landscape. In the authors’ experience, clinicopathological correlation can increase the rate of reaching the diagnosis by up to 75.3%. © 2022 Ozcan et al.