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Öğe Bending, buckling and free vibration analyses of shallow-to-deep FG curved sandwich beams using a global-local refined shear deformation theory(Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Lezgy-Nazargah, M.; Karamanli, Armagan; Vo, Thuc P.This paper investigates the bending, vibration, and buckling behaviour of functionally graded (FG) curved sandwich beams using a global-local refined shear deformation theory. Material properties of these beams are varied through the thickness according to the power-law distribution. A beam element with a combination of Hermite cubic and quadratic Lagrange shape functions is developed to solve the problems. The obtained results are compared with the results from finite element software (ABAQUS), and other higher-order beam theories. It can be observed that the present model can predict accurately static, vibration, and buckling responses of both shallow and deep FG sandwich beams with arbitrary boundary conditions.Öğe Bending, buckling and free vibration behaviours of 2D functionally graded curved beams(Elsevier Science Inc, 2023) Karamanli, Armagan; Wattanasakulpong, Nuttawit; Lezgy-Nazargah, M.; Vo, Thuc P.The flexural, free vibration and buckling responses of 2D-FG curved beams with various shear deformation theories are presented by using finite element model. Their material properties via both directions (length and thickness) are varied with power-law distribution. A two-node beam element satisfying C1 continuity requirement is employed to solve the problems. Various problems including isotropic, 1D- and 2D-FG curved beams are analysed and the obtained results are verified with those available in the literature. Comprehensive parameter examinations are carried out to depict the effects of gradation indexes in both directions, open angles, end conditions and aspect ratios on structural behaviours of 2D-FG curved beams.