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Öğe Calculation of space radiation risks for astronauts and high-level natural radiation exposure area residents: two different exposure categories(Akademiai Kiado ZRt., 2024) Abbasi, Akbar; Almousa, Nouf; Zakaly, Hesham M.H.; Mirekhtiary, FatemehIn the present paper, the health risks to astronauts due to space radiation exposure and the excess cancer risk (ECR) caused by high-level natural radiation exposure area residents were estimated manes on the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Space Cancer Risk (NSCR)-2012 model and RESRAD code, respectively. The total risk of exposure-induced cancer (REIC) and total risk of exposure-induced death (REID) were calculated for different ages and genders. In contrast, the mortality and morbidity due to High Natural Background Radiation Exposure areas (HNBRAs) were simulated for different genders and ages. The results showed that the morbidity of the HNBRAs area for males and females was less than the REIC value of the 6-month mission at the International Space Station (ISS). Also, the results indicated that the mortality of the HNBRAs area was equal to the REIC 6-month mission for males. The mortality rate in the HNBRA area was higher than the average rate for females in the REIC 6-month mission. © Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt 2024.Öğe The effect of face masks on the filtration rate of Radon (222Rn) gas and its progeny in breathing air(Springer, 2023) Abbasi, Akbar; Tulucu, Fadime; Almousa, Nouf; Mirekhtiary, Fatemeh; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.The blocking effect of Rn-222 gas and its progeny by various face masks has been determined using a measurement system with a parallel AlphaGUARD detector. The theoretical approach of diffusion rate for different particle sizes was calculated. The filtering effect of the different masks followed the order N99 > surgical > N95 > double cloth > double cellulose > cloth > cellulose masks, respectively. Overall the blocking effect percentage ranged between 7.65 and 22.66%. The study indicated that the effect of a mask with high quality in filtering the gas of Rn-222 and its decay products is more than the double-layer masks.Öğe Nuclear power plant biological complications on marine biota from a probabilistic accident - a case study(Pergamon-elsevier science LTD, 2024) Abbasi, Akbar; Mirekhtiary, Fatemeh; Issa, Shams A. M.; Algethami, Merfat; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.An accident at the Barakah Nuclear Power Plant (BNPP) would result in a significant radionuclide release into the semi-closed marine environment. In this research, the released radionuclide distribution pattern and dose rate in the Persian/Arabian (Gulf) were calculated using a combined hydrodynamic/radiobiological model. Simulations of the dispersion of artificial radionuclide concentrations were conducted using a HYSPLIT model. To assess prospective hazards in case of an incident, environmental risk from ionizing contaminants: assessment and management (ERICA) tools were used. Using the Fukushima nuclear power accident as a model, the scenario source term profile was developed. The volumetric concentrations levels of pollutants ranged between 1 x 104 mBq m- 3 to 1 x 1010 mBq m- 3 in the radius of 200 km after 48 h. Based on the dose rates of the various marine biotas, Polychaete worms, and Pelagic fish, they had the highest and lowest dose contribution.Öğe Radioactivity concentration levels and potential radiotoxicity risk assessment of aquatic superfoods case study of algae supplements(Pergamon-elsevier science ltd, 2024) Abbasi, Akbar; Issa, Shams A. M.; Mirekhtiary, Fatemeh; Algethami, Merfat; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.It has been found that algae have a variety of health benefits, although investigations showed that they contain radiotoxic elements, including Ra-226, Th-232, K-40, and Cs-137, which may affect human health. This study is connected to activity concentration measurements of the above radionuclides in the algae supplements available in the Middle East markets. The annual effective radiation doses of measured radionuclides in analyzed algal supplements have been calculated. The highest values of annual effective doses have been estimated for Ra-226 in Ecklonia (13.39 mu Sv/y) and for Th-232 in Red Marine Algae (11.80 mu Sv/y), both from South Korea. In algal superfoods, the effective dose of Cs-137 is not significantly affected by the Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the activity levels of radionuclides are low, the naturally occurring radionuclides provide the most effective doses, and algae supplements can be considered safe.Öğe Radiotoxic concentrations and risk levels along the world's coastlines during the quarter of a century(Elsevier B.V., 2025) Abbasi, Akbar; Algethami, Merfat; Zakaly, Hesham M.H.; Mirekhtiary, FatemehThe radioactivity contamination of marine environments polluted by natural and anthropogenic radionuclides has been discussed for decades worldwide. However, there is a lack of data on the current situation and trends in this research field. For this reason, this is the first study to report an integrated data statistical analysis of radioactivity concentration mapping and systematic review using the published database from 2000 to date. The study encompassed five continents: Asia, Africa, Oceania, Europe, and America. The primary sources of natural radioactivity were 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, which are associated with geological features such as coastal structures and the seabed. Also, the contamination of anthropogenic radionuclide 137Cs is reported in some places that are released by nuclear reactions. The annual dose rate was proved to be the basis for assessing the radiation risk of natural radioactivity. This research outcome is useful for pointing out the need for future research and supporting the development of this topic. © 2024 Elsevier B.V.Öğe The seasonal variation of ambient gamma radiation dose rate and health risk assessment in North Coast, Mediterranean Sea(Springer, 2023) Abbasi, Akbar; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Bashiry, Vali; Alrowaily, Albandari W.; Mirekhtiary, FatemehIn this research, the seasonal variations of ambient gamma radiation dose rate and the outdoor gamma radiation risk in the northeast location of Cyprus were investigated by means of an Ion Chamber Survey Meter. The ambient gamma radiation was measured at 100 cm above ground level. The average value of measured ambient gamma dose was 135 nGyh-1, 185 nGyh-1, 187 nGyh-1 and 191 nGyh-1 in winter, autumn, spring, and summer, respectively. The excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) values at the tested sites were higher than the worldwide average.Öğe U-238, Th-232 series, and Pu-239+Pu-240 concentration analysis in biological samples of high natural background radiation residents by alpha spectrometry(Springer, 2023) Abbasi, Akbar; Mirekhtiary, Fatemeh; Alrowaily, Albandari W.; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.The purpose of this research was to determine the isotope concentration of the actinide radioelements U-238, Th-232 series, and Pu-239 in biological samples (urine) using the alpha spectroscopy system. The samples were selected from the residence of high natural background radiation (HNBR) area and analyzed using chemical procedure. The separated sample was placed on a membrane filter by the sedimentation method, and it was prepared for counting with the alpha spectrometry system. The average radioactive concentrations found in these samples were as follows: U-234 > Ra-226 > Th-230 > Ra-228 > Th-228 > Ra-224 > Th-232 > Pu-239. The average concentrations of U-234 and Ra-226 were much greater than the other radionuclides.
