Yazar "Munoz-Gualan, Alberth Patricio" seçeneğine göre listele

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    Human adapted prosomeric model: a future for brainstem tumor classification
    (Elsevier, 2024) Munoz-Gualan, Alberth Patricio; Güngör, Abuzer; Cezayirli, Phillip Cem; Rahmanov, Serdar; Gürses, Muhammet Enes; Puelles, Luis; Türe, Uğur
    This study reevaluates the conventional understanding of midbrain anatomy and neuroanatomical nomenclature in the context of recent genetic and anatomical discoveries. The authors assert that the midbrain should be viewed as an integral part of the forebrain due to shared genetic determinants and evolutionary lineage. The isthmo-mesencephalic boundary is recognized as a significant organizer for both the caudal midbrain and the isthmo-cerebellar area. The article adopts the prosomeric model, redefining the whole brain as neuromeres, offering a more precise depiction of brain development, including processes like proliferation, neurogenesis, cell migration, and differentiation. This shift in understanding challenges traditional definitions of the midbrain based on external brain morphology. The study also delves into the historical context of neuroanatomical models, including the columnar model proposed by Herrick in 1910, which has influenced our understanding of brain structure. Furthermore, the study has clinical implications, affecting neuroanatomy, neurodevelopmental studies, and the diagnosis and treatment of brain disorders. It emphasizes the need to integrate molecular research into human neuroanatomical studies and advocates for updating neuroanatomical terminology to reflect modern genetic and molecular insights. The authors propose two key revisions. First, we suggest reclassifying the isthmo-cerebellar prepontine region as part of the hindbrain, due to its role in cerebellar development and distinct location caudal to the genetically-defined midbrain. Second, we recommend redefining the anterior boundary of the genetically-defined midbrain to align with genetic markers. In conclusion, the authors highlight the importance of harmonizing neuroanatomical nomenclature with current scientific knowledge, promoting a more precise and informed understanding of brain structure, which is crucial for both research and clinical applications related to the human brain.
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    Neglected tracts of the brainstem: transverse peduncular tract of Gudden and taenia pontis
    (American association of neurological surgeons, 2024) Rahmanov, Serdar; Güngör, Abuzer; Gülsuna, Beste; Munoz-Gualan, Alberth Patricio
    OBJECTIVE The anatomy and function of the brainstem have fascinated scientists for centuries; however, the brain- stem remains one of the least studied regions of the human brain. As the authors delved into studying this structure, they observed a growing tendency to forget or neglect previously identified structures. The aim of this study was to describe two such structures: the transverse peduncular tract, also known as the Gudden tract, and the taenia pontis. The authors analyzed the potential effects of neglecting these structures during brainstem surgery and the implications for clinical practice. METHODS After removal of the arachnoid and vascular structures, 20 human brainstem specimens were frozen and stored at -16 degrees C degrees C for 2 weeks, according to the method described by Klingler. The specimens were then thawed and dissected with microsurgical techniques. The results of microsurgical fiber dissection at each step were photographed. RESULTS This study revealed two previously neglected or forgotten structures within the brainstem. The first is the transverse peduncular tract of Gudden, which arises from the brachium of the superior colliculus. This tract follows an arcuate course along the lateral and ventral surfaces of the midbrain, perpendicular to the cerebral peduncle, and terminates in the nuclei of the transverse peduncular tract within the interpeduncular fossa. The second structure is the taenia pontis, which originates contralaterally in the interpeduncular fossa. It becomes visible at the level of the pontomesencephalic sulcus and extends to the base of the lateral mesencephalic sulcus, where it divides into several thin bundles. Along the interpeduncular sulcus, between the superior and middle cerebellar peduncles, it reaches the parabrachial recess and enters the cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS Recently, with increasing understanding and expertise in brainstem research, surgical approaches to this area have become more common, emphasizing the importance of a detailed knowledge of the brainstem. The two structures mentioned in this paper are described in history books and were widely studied in the 19th century but have not been mentioned in modern literature. The authors propose that a deeper understanding of these structures may prove valuable in neurosurgical practice and help reduce patient comorbidity.
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    The supracerebellar suprapineal approach: a novel method to separate cadaveric brain hemispheres and preserve the midline structures
    (Kare publishing, 2024) Munoz-Gualan, Alberth Patricio; Güngör, Abuzer; Romano-Albornoz, Monica; Gürses, Muhammet Enes; Elias, Çimen; Topçam, Arda; Ramanov, Serdar; Türe, Uğur
    Objectives: To describe a novel technique for dissecting cadaver brains without damaging medial brain structures and surfaces, ensuring preservation for neuroanatomical study and training. Methods: Ten adult cadaveric brains were dissected using the supracerebellar suprapineal approach under an operative microscope with 6x to 40x magnification. This approach allowed for the separation of the brain into two hemispheres while providing direct visualization of the third ventricle and preserving midline structures. Results: The supracerebellar suprapineal approach enabled accurate and feasible dissection of the hemispheres without causing damage to the medial brain structures. All midline structures, including the third ventricle, were preserved, producing high-quality specimens for anatomical study. Conclusion: The supracerebellar suprapineal approach offers a significant advancement in the technique for hemispheric brain dissection, ensuring the preservation of medial brain structures and providing superior specimens for neurosurgical training and study.