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    Correction: The long and short non-coding RNAs modulating EZH2 signaling in cancer (Journal of Hematology & Oncology, (2022), 15, 1, (18), 10.1186/s13045-022-01235-1)
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2022) Mirzaei, Sepideh; Gholami, Mohammad Hossein; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Hashemi, Farid; Zabolian, Amirhossein; Canadas, Israel; Zarrabi, Ali; Nabavi, Noushin; Aref, Amir Reza; Crea, Francesco; Wang, Yuzhuo; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Kumar, Alan Prem
    The original article [1] contained an error in co-author, Farid Hashemi’s name which has since been corrected. © 2022, The Author(s).
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    The long and short non-coding RNAs modulating EZH2 signaling in cancer
    (2022) Mirzaei, Sepideh; Gholami, Mohammad Hossein; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Hshemi, Farid; Zabolian, Amirhossein; Canadas, Israel; Zarrabi, Ali; Nabavi, Noushin; Aref, Amir Reza; Crea, Francesco; Wang, Yuzhuo; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Kumar, Alan Prem
    Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a large family of RNA molecules with no capability in encoding proteins. However, they participate in developmental and biological processes and their abnormal expression affects cancer progression. These RNA molecules can function as upstream mediators of different signaling pathways and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) is among them. Briefly, EZH2 belongs to PRCs family and can exert functional roles in cells due to its methyltransferase activity. EZH2 affects gene expression via inducing H3K27me3. In the present review, our aim is to provide a mechanistic discussion of ncRNAs role in regulating EZH2 expression in different cancers. MiRNAs can dually induce/inhibit EZH2 in cancer cells to affect downstream targets such as Wnt, STAT3 and EMT. Furthermore, miRNAs can regulate therapy response of cancer cells via affecting EZH2 signaling. It is noteworthy that EZH2 can reduce miRNA expression by binding to promoter and exerting its methyltransferase activity. Small-interfering RNA (siRNA) and short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) are synthetic, short ncRNAs capable of reducing EZH2 expression and suppressing cancer progression. LncRNAs mainly regulate EZH2 expression via targeting miRNAs. Furthermore, lncRNAs induce EZH2 by modulating miRNA expression. Circular RNAs (CircRNAs), like lncRNAs, affect EZH2 expression via targeting miRNAs. These areas are discussed in the present review with a focus on molecular pathways leading to clinical translation.
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    Long non-coding RNAs and exosomal incRNAs: Potential functions in lung cancer progression, drug resistance and tumor microenvironment remodeling
    (Elsevier Science, 2022) Entezari, Maliheh; Ghanbarirad, Maryam; Taheriazam, Afshin; Sadrkhanloo, Mehrdokht; Zabolian, Amirhossein; Shekhi Beig Goharrizi, Mohammad Ali; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Aref, Amir Reza; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Zarrabi, Ali; Nabavi, Noushin; Rabiee, Navid; Hashemi, Mehrdad; Samarghandian, Saeed
    Among the different kinds of tumors threatening human life, lung cancer is one that is commonly observed in both males and females. The aggressive behavior of lung cancer and interactions occurring in tumor microenvironment enhances the malignancy of this tumor. The lung tumor cells have demonstrated capacity in developing chemo- and radio-resistance. LncRNAs are a category of non-coding RNAs that do not encode proteins, but their aberrant expression is responsible for tumor development, especially lung cancer. In the present review, we focus on both lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in lung cancer, and their ability in regulating proliferation and metastasis. Cell cycle progression and molecular mechanisms related to lung cancer metastasis such as EMT and MMPs are regulated by lncRNAs. LncRNAs interact with miRNAs, STAT, Wnt, EZH2, PTEN and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to affect progression of lung cancer cells. LncRNAs demonstrate both tumor-suppressor and tumor-promoting functions in lung cancer. They can be considered as biomarkers in lung cancer and especially exosomal lncRNAs present in body fluids are potential tools for minimally invasive diagnosis. Furthermore, we
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    Long non-coding RNAs and exosomal lncRNAs: Potential functions in lung cancer progression, drug resistance and tumor microenvironment remodeling
    (Elsevier, 2022) Entezari, Maliheh; Ghanbarirad, Maryam; Taheriazam, Afshin; Sadrkhanloo, Mehrdokht; Zabolian, Amirhossein; Goharrizi, Mohammad Ali Shekhi Beig; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Aref, Amir Reza; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Zarrabi, Ali; Nabavi, Noushin; Rabiee, Navid; Hashemi, Mehrdad; Samarghandian, Saeed
    Among the different kinds of tumors threatening human life, lung cancer is one that is commonly observed in both males and females. The aggressive behavior of lung cancer and interactions occurring in tumor microenvironment enhances the malignancy of this tumor. The lung tumor cells have demonstrated capacity in developing chemo- and radio-resistance. LncRNAs are a category of non-coding RNAs that do not encode proteins, but their aberrant expression is responsible for tumor development, especially lung cancer. In the present review, we focus on both lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in lung cancer, and their ability in regulating proliferation and metastasis. Cell cycle progression and molecular mechanisms related to lung cancer metastasis such as EMT and MMPs are regulated by lncRNAs. LncRNAs interact with miRNAs, STAT, Wnt, EZH2, PTEN and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to affect progression of lung cancer cells. LncRNAs demonstrate both tumor-suppressor and tumor-promoting functions in lung cancer. They can be considered as biomarkers in lung cancer and especially exosomal lncRNAs present in body fluids are potential tools for minimally invasive diagnosis. Furthermore, we discuss regulation of lncRNAs by anti-cancer drugs and genetic tools as well as the role of these factors in therapy response of lung cancer cells.
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    Non-coding RNAs targeting notch signaling pathway in cancer : from proliferation to cancer therapy resistance
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Hashemi, Mehrdad; Hasani, Sahar; Hajimazdarany, Shima; Mirmazloomi, Seyed Reza; Makvandy, Sara; Zabihi, Abbas; Goldoost, Yeganeh; Gholinia, Nazanin; Kakavand, Amirabbas; Tavakolpournegari, Alireza; Salimimoghadam, Shokooh; Nabavi, Noushin; Zarrabi, Ali; Taheriazam, Afshin; Entezari, Maliheh; Hushmandi, Kiavash
    Cancer is a challenging to treat disease with a high mortality rate worldwide, nevertheless advances in science has led to a decrease in the number of death cases caused by cancer. Aberrant expression of genes occurs during tumorigenesis therefore targeting the signaling pathways that regulate these genes' expression is of importance in cancer therapy. Notch is one of the signaling pathways having interactions with other vital cell signaling molecules responsible for cellular functions such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), angiogenesis, and immune evasion. Furthermore, the Notch pathway is involved in response to chemo- and radiotherapy. Thus, targeting the Notch signaling pathway in cancer therapy can be beneficial for overcoming the therapeutic gaps. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of RNAs that include short ncRNAs (such as micro RNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ~22 nucleotides in length while lncRNAs have more than 200 nucleotides. Both miRNAs and lncRNAs control vital cellular mechanisms in cells and affect various signaling pathways and Notch is among them. The current review aims to discuss the critical role of ncRNAs in the regulation of the Notch signaling pathway by focusing on different cancer hallmarks including proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, EMT, invasion, metastasis, and resistance to therapies.