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    Comprehensive study on using hydrogen- gasoline-ethanol blends as flexible fuels in an existing variable speed SI engine
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Inbanaathan, Papla Venugopal; Balasubramanian, Dhinesh; Nguyen, Van Nhanh; Le, Van Vang; Wae-Hayee, Makatar; Ravikumar, R.; Veza, Ibham
    The rising human population is causing the utilization of enormous amounts of fossil fuels to fulfill energy needs. Various renewable sources are used as fossil fuels however those resources are not powerful in supplanting customary non-renewable energy sources like gasoline in vehicles. The depletion of conventional fossil fuel utilized in a vehicle con-tributes to an increased portion of air contamination and is a danger to human well-being. Also, to maintain the supply demand, many active types of research have been carried out in mixing a higher percentage of ethanol over gasoline and further moving towards flex-fuel vehicles. But there arises a problem of knocking and higher CO, and HC emissions from the engine. To overcome the above problem, ethanol could be mixed in a higher percentage over gasoline with the help of hydrogen assistance and can completely avoid the problem of knocking and reducing CO and HC emissions. In this research, the combustion, emission, and performance characteristics of a variable-speed gasoline engine fuelled with ethanol-blended gasoline along with hydrogen assistance are taken for investigation at variable speeds like 1800, 1600, 1400, and 1200 rpm. Hydrogen is added to blended fuel (E30) which has better combustion, emission, and performance than other blended fuels. Hydrogen addition is done at 2, 3, and 4 ms respectively. The outcomes showed that the E30 thorn H2 at 3 ms has better combustion, emission, and performance, still, the emission of NOx is higher in comparison with all the other blends due to complete combustion. Thus, a two-stage analysis has been done, one is making a comparison among various blends of ethanol, and the second one is the comparison among the various energy shares of hydrogen.
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    Eco-friendly perspective of hydrogen fuel addition to diesel engine: An inclusive review of low-temperature combustion concepts
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Nguyen, Van Nhanh; Ganesan, Nataraj; Ashok, Bragadeshwaran; Balasubramanian, Dhinesh; Anabayan K.; Lawrence, Krupakaran Radhakrishnan; Tamilvanan A.; Le, Duc Trong Nguyen; Truong, Thanh Hai; Tran, Viet Dung; Cao, Dao Nam; JS, Femilda Josephin; Varuvel, Edwin Geo
    Hydrogen is a probable alternative fuel for both stationary and automotive engine applications due to its properties like high energy content and persistent availability. However, using hydrogen only as a fuel for engines was almost impossible; thus, hydrogen co-combusting with diesel and several biomass-based biofuels will be advisable. As viscosity plays a significant role in combustion, the application of biodiesel was classified as high viscous fuel and low viscous fuel for investigation with hydrogen in compression ignition engines. The present study aims to reconnoitre the prospects of using hydrogen-enriched diesel-biodiesel blends with advanced combustion technology. The present work also examines advanced combustion technologies, including reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI), homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI), and laser ignition technology. This review shed light on the properties of hydrogen-enriched biodiesel blends, engine operating parameters, and their impact on engine characteristics. This comprehensive review offered a distinct view to the academics for improving the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of CI engines fuelled with hydrogen-enriched biodiesel-diesel. Further, the review progressed with the aforesaid operating conditions and advanced combustion technology. © 2024 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
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    Eco-friendly perspective of hydrogen fuel addition to diesel engine: An inclusive review of low-temperature combustion concepts
    (Elsevier ltd, 2025) Nguyen, Van Nhanh; Ganesan, Nataraj; Ashok, Bragadeshwaran; Balasubramanian, Dhinesh; Anabayan, K.; Lawrence, Krupakaran Radhakrishnan; Tamilvanan, A.; Le, Duc Trong Nguyen; Truong, Thanh Hai; Tran, Viet Dung; Cao, Dao Nam; Bai, Femilda Josephin Joseph Shobana
    Hydrogen is a probable alternative fuel for both stationary and automotive engine applications due to its properties like high energy content and persistent availability. However, using hydrogen only as a fuel for engines was almost impossible; thus, hydrogen co-combusting with diesel and several biomass-based biofuels will be advisable. As viscosity plays a significant role in combustion, the application of biodiesel was classified as high viscous fuel and low viscous fuel for investigation with hydrogen in compression ignition engines. The present study aims to reconnoitre the prospects of using hydrogen-enriched diesel-biodiesel blends with advanced combustion technology. The present work also examines advanced combustion technologies, including reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI), homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI), and laser ignition technology. This review shed light on the properties of hydrogen-enriched biodiesel blends, engine operating parameters, and their impact on engine characteristics. This comprehensive review offered a distinct view to the academics for improving the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of CI engines fuelled with hydrogen-enriched biodiesel-diesel. Further, the review progressed with the aforesaid operating conditions and advanced combustion technology.
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    Engine behavior analysis on a conventional diesel engine combustion mode powered by low viscous cedarwood oil/waste cooking oil biodiesel/diesel fuel mixture - An experimental study
    (Elsevier, 2024) Nguyen, Van Nhanh; Balasubramanian, Dhinesh; Rajarajan, Amudhan; Venugopal, Inbanaathan Papla; Dineshkumar, C.; Ravikumar, R.; Le, Duc Trong Nguyen
    Binary biofuel is the best alternative source that completely replaces petroleum -based fuel. In this study, we have experimented with the waste cooking oil and cedarwood oil as biofuel in a DI CI engine for various proportions and related its combustion, emission, and performance characteristics to those of base diesel. This study aims to eliminate the utilization of fossil fuel in a diesel engine by introducing green binary fuel (low viscous fuel resulting from the blending of cedarwood oil with WCO biodiesel) successfully. The objective of the study is to convert cedarwood - WCO into green binary fuel and investigate its performance, emission, and combustion properties. The transesterification process is utilized for the enhancement of WCO as biodiesel. It occasioned a reduction in brake thermal efficiency as the addition of waste cooking oil in the blend increased. At the same time, the maximum value of BTE of 27.8% was attained for B10C90 (10% transesterified waste cooking oil and 90% cedarwood oil in volume), whereas it was 28.1% for diesel at maximum load conditions. The BSEC was 15.4 MJ/kW-hr for B10C90 and 12.8 MJ/kWhr for diesel. The emission characteristics, CO, HC, NOx, CO2, and smoke for B10C90 were 17.93 g/kWhr, 0.55 g/kWhr., 20.09 g/kWhr, 2210.9 g/kWhr, and 25.55%. Combustion features such as NHRR, burn duration, MPRR, combustion efficiency, Ignition delay, and coefficient of variance for B10C90 were 53.74 bar, 29.38 CAD, 4.71 bar/CAD, 99.7%, 7.01 CAD, and 4.73% respectively. It showed that B10C90 had comparable performance (BTE) and combustion values to mineral diesel with better emission characteristics.