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    Catalytic and biomedical applications of nanocelluloses: A review of recent developments
    (Elsevier B.V., 2024) Khorsandi, D.; Jenson, S.; Zarepour, A.; Khosravi, A.; Rabiee, N.; Iravani, S.; Zarrabi A.
    Nanocelluloses exhibit immense potential in catalytic and biomedical applications. Their unique properties, biocompatibility, and versatility make them valuable in various industries, contributing to advancements in environmental sustainability, catalysis, energy conversion, drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensing/imaging, and wound healing/dressings. Nanocellulose-based catalysts can efficiently remove pollutants from contaminated environments, contributing to sustainable and cleaner ecosystems. These materials can also be utilized as drug carriers, enabling targeted and controlled drug release. Their high surface area allows for efficient loading of therapeutic agents, while their biodegradability ensures safer and gradual release within the body. These targeted drug delivery systems enhance the efficacy of treatments and minimizes side effects. Moreover, nanocelluloses can serve as scaffolds in tissue engineering due to their structural integrity and biocompatibility. They provide a three-dimensional framework for cell growth and tissue regeneration, promoting the development of functional and biologically relevant tissues. Nanocellulose-based dressings have shown great promise in wound healing and dressings. Their ability to absorb exudates, maintain a moist environment, and promote cell proliferation and migration accelerates the wound healing process. Herein, the recent advancements pertaining to the catalytic and biomedical applications of nanocelluloses and their composites are deliberated, focusing on important challenges, advantages, limitations, and future prospects. © 2024 The Authors
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    Inspired by nature: Bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for biomedical applications
    (KeAi Communications Co., 2024) Bigham, A.; Zarepour, A.; Safarkhani, M.; Huh, Y.; Khosravi, A.; Rabiee, N.; Iravani S.
    The field of photocatalysis has witnessed a significant advancement in the development of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts for various biomedical applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, cancer therapy, and bioimaging. Nature has evolved efficient light-harvesting systems and energy conversion mechanisms, which serve as a benchmark for researchers. However, reproducing such complexity and harnessing it for biomedical applications is a daunting task. It requires a comprehensive understanding of the underlying biological processes and the ability to replicate them synthetically. By utilizing light energy, these photocatalysts can trigger specific chemical reactions, leading to targeted drug release, enhanced tissue regeneration, and precise imaging of biological structures. In this context, addressing the stability, long-term performance, scalability, and cost-effectiveness of these materials is crucial for their widespread implementation in biomedical applications. While challenges such as complexity and stability persist, their advantages such as targeted drug delivery and personalized medicine make them a fascinating area of research. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of existing research, highlighting the advancements, current challenges, advantages, limitations, and future prospects of bioinspired and biomimetic photocatalysts in biomedicine. © 2024 Chongqing University
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    Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-?) in prostate cancer: A dual function mediator?
    (Elsevier B.V., 2022) Mirzaei, S.; Paskeh, M.D.A.; Saghari, Y.; Zarrabi, A.; Hamblin, M.R.; Entezari, M.; Hashemi, M.; Aref, A.R.; Hushmandi, K.; Kumar, A.P.; Rabiee, N.; Ashrafizadeh, M.
    Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-?) is a member of a family of secreted cytokines with vital biological functions in cells. The abnormal expression of TGF-? signaling is a common finding in pathological conditions, particularly cancer. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the leading causes of death among men. Several genetic and epigenetic alterations can result in PCa development, and govern its progression. The present review attempts to shed some light on the role of TGF-? signaling in PCa. TGF-? signaling can either stimulate or inhibit proliferation and viability of PCa cells, depending on the context. The metastasis of PCa cells is increased by TGF-? signaling via induction of EMT and MMPs. Furthermore, TGF-? signaling can induce drug resistance of PCa cells, and can lead to immune evasion via reducing the anti-tumor activity of cytotoxic T cells and stimulating regulatory T cells. Upstream mediators such as microRNAs and lncRNAs, can regulate TGF-? signaling in PCa. Furthermore, some pharmacological compounds such as thymoquinone and valproic acid can suppress TGF-? signaling for PCa therapy. TGF-? over-expression is associated with poor prognosis in PCa patients. Furthermore, TGF-? up-regulation before prostatectomy is associated with recurrence of PCa. Overall, current review discusses role of TGF-? signaling in proliferation, metastasis and therapy response of PCa cells and in order to improve knowledge towards its regulation, upstream mediators of TGF-? such as non-coding RNAs are described. Finally, TGF-? regulation and its clinical application are discussed. © 2022