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Öğe Binary contributions of Dy3+ ions on the mechanical and radiation resistance properties of oxyfluoroborotellurite Dyx-glasses(Elsevier Editora Ltda, 2022) Rammah, Y.S.; Issa, Shams A.M.; Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Badawi, Ali; Ene, Antoaneta; Zakaly, Hesham M.H.5CaF2–5BaF2 – 60B2O3–10TeO2 – (20-x)Na2O – xDy2O3: (0.5 ? x ? 2.5 mol percent) glasses were studied for their physical, mechanical, and gamma radiation resistance. The density of Dy0.5 and Dy2.5 glass samples containing 0.5 and 2.5 mol of Dy2O3 was changed from 2.98 to 3.09 g/cm3, respectively. The estimated values of longitudinal (LB-C) were altered from 171.085 to 165.390 GPa, bulk (KB–C) from 105.100 to 102.680 GPa, Young's (EB-C) from 128.602 to 122.674 GPa, and shear (SB–C) from 49.612 to 47.150 GPa for mechanical characteristics (GPa). The Poisson's ratio (?B-C) was varied between 0.296 and 0.300. The MCNPX code and Py-MLBUF online calculation platform were used to calculate mass attenuation coefficients for all Dyx-glasses. In terms of quantitative values, the acquired results are in good agreement. For all photon energies, the Dy2.5 glass sample exhibits the highest linear (?) and mass (?m) attenuation coefficients. All analyzed Dyx-glasses exhibit a similar trend in half-value layer (T1/2) and mean free path (MFP), (T1/2, ?)Dy0.5 > (T1/2, ?)Dy1.0 > (T1/2, ?)Dy1.5 > (T1/2, ?)Dy2.0 > (T1/2, ?)Dy2.5. Over the whole gamma-ray energy range, the Dy2.5 sample has the highest effective atomic number (Zeff) values. Across the whole photon energy and penetration depth range, the Dy2.5 has the lowest EBF and EABF values. Because of the maximum contribution of Dysprosium (III)-oxide, the Dy2.5 sample can be deemed superior in terms of gamma-ray shielding qualities. © 2022 The Author(s)Öğe Enhancing radiation shielding transmission factors and mechanical Robustness of borosilicate glasses through Bi2O3 modification: A comprehensive study(Elsevier Ltd, 2024) Almousa, N.; Issa, S.A.M.; Tekin, H.O.; Rammah, Y.S.; Mostafa, A.M.A.; Sen, Baykal, D.; Alshammari K.The mechanical behavior and gamma radiation attenuation features of borosilicate glasses with chemical compositions 16ZnO–8BaO-5.5SiO2-0.5Sb2O3-(70-x)B2O3/xBi2O3 are extensively investigated. Makishima-Mackenzie principle, Monte Carlo code, and Phy-X/PSD software are utilized in terms of determining these properties. Our results showed that the total packing density (Vt) decreased from 0.634851 to 0.571458, while the total dissociation energy increased from 26.612 (kJ/cm3) to 29.652 (kJ/cm3) for S1-glass (with 10 mol% of Bi2O3) and S5-glass (with 30 mol% Bi2O3). All elastic moduli are enhanced by increasing the Bi2O3 additive in the investigated glasses. Poisson's ratio was decreased from 0.281226 for S1-glass to 0.256957 for S5-glass. In terms of gamma-ray shielding parameters; linear (?) and mass attenuation (?m) coefficients for the rich glass sample with B2O3 (S5) possess the highest values among all investigated (S1–S5) samples. The glass sample S5 is reported with the lowest values of tenth (TVL) and half (HVL) value layers among all studied glasses. In addition, the exposure (EBF) and energy absorption (EABF) bulidup factors were decreased with increasing the amount of Bi2O3 reinforcement for mean free path values from 0.5 to 40 mfp. The lowest possible levels of attenuation (minimum transmission) were measured at a thickness of 3 cm for all of the glass samples. © 2024 Elsevier LtdÖğe Evaluating the optical and gamma-ray protection properties of bismo-tellurite sodium titanium zinc glasses(Springer, 2022) Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Rammah, Y.S.; Hessien, M.M.; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Issa, Shams A. M.Optical properties and gamma-ray attenuation competence of bismo-tellurite sodium titanium zinc glass samples with chemical formula (80 ? x)TeO2–10ZnO–5TiO2–5Na2O–xBi2O3, where x = 5, 8, 10, 12, and 15 mol% have been explored. Values of optical electronegativity (?*) were varied from 0.715 for B5 glass sample to 0.677 for B15 glass sample. Values of linear dielectric susceptibility (?(1)) were varied from 0.400 for B5 glass sample to 0.430 for glass sample. Values of non-linear optical susceptibility (?3) and non-linear refractive index (n2optical) were varied from 4.379 × 10?12 to 5.812 × 10?12 (esu) and from 6.719 × 1011 to 8.656 × 10?11 (esu) for B5 and B15 glasses, respectively. The B15 sample with the highest Bi2O3 content had the maximum mass attenuation coefficient (µm) values across all examined photon energies, while B5 sample with the lowest Bi2O3 content had the minimum (µm). Both half-value layer (T0.5) and mean free path (?) followed the trend as follows: (T0.5, ?)B5 > (T0.5, ?)B8 > (T0.5, ?)B10 > (T0.5, ?)B12 > (T0.5, ?)B15. The exposure and energy absorption buildup factor (EBF and EABF) values decrease from B5 to B15, demonstrating that the shielding enhancement of glass samples has strengthened. The effective atomic number (Zeff) parameter followed the trend as follows: (Zeff)B15 > (Zeff)B12 > (Zeff)B10 > (Zeff)B8 > (Zeff)B5. Our findings confirm that the enhancement of Bi2O3 content in the bismo-tellurite sodium titanium zinc glass samples plays an important role of improvement in both optical and gamma-ray protection properties. © 2022, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Australian Ceramic Society.Öğe An experimental evaluation of CdO/PbO-B2O3 glasses containing neodymium oxide: Structure, electrical conductivity, and gamma-ray resistance(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Zakaly, H.M.H.; Issa, S.A.M.; Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Badawi, A.; Saudi, H.A.; Henaish, A.M.A.; Rammah, Y.S.A comprehensive set of experimental measurements was carried out to investigate the influence of Nd3+ ions on the structure, electrical conductivity, and gamma-ray protection of CdO/PbO-B2O3 glasses containing neodymium oxide with the chemical formula 20CdO/20PbO/(60-x)B2O3/xNd2O3 (0 ? x ? 4 wt%) (5.034-5.232 g/cm3). Raman spectra have been obtained over a range of 1600-180 cm?1, and electrical conductivity (?) has been measured at frequencies of 0.120, 1, 10, and 100 KHz, as well as at other frequencies. In this study, gamma-ray attenuation has been studied at various gamma-ray energies (ranging from 0.081 to 2.614 MeV). The results revealed that the PbO in the investigated glass networks fills the interspaces of [BO3] units with Pb2+ ions, therefore serving as a network member. In general, it was found that (?) of the examined glasses falls as temperature increases, reaching its lowest value at the composition's transition temperature. Above this transition temperature, conductivity rises. Using 0.662 MeV, the studied samples exhibited experimental linear attenuation coefficients (?exp.) of 0.3369 cm?1, 0.3401 cm?1, 0.3434 cm?1, 0.3467 cm?1, and 0.3501 cm?1 (for the Nd-0.0, Nd-1.0, Nd-0.2, Nd-0.3, and Nd-4.0 glasses, respectively). With respect to the half value thickness (T1/2) and mean free path (?), the Nd-4.0 sample has the lowest values at all of the gamma-ray energies tested. According to these results, the Nd-4.0 glass sample exhibits higher attenuation capabilities against ionizing radiation when compared to the other samples. © 2022Öğe Exploring elastic mechanics and radiation shielding efficacy in neodymium(III)-enhanced zinc tellurite glasses: a theoretical and applied physics perspective(Islamic Azad University, 2023) Zakaly, H.M.H.; Rammah, Y.S.; Issa, S.A.M.; Almousa, N.; El-Refaey, A.M.; Shams, M.S.The present work scrutinizes the radiation protection features and mechanical characteristics of neodymium zinc-tellurite of composition [(TeO2)70-(ZnO)30]1?x-(Nd2O3)x: x = 0 ? 5 mol% in steps of 1 (TZNd1 – 5). The Makishima–Mackenzie’s model was adopted for the computation of the Poisson’s ratio (PR) and elastic moduli. WinXcom and EXABCal software’s were performed to evaluate the radiation shielding parameters and buildup factors, respectively of TZNd-glasses. Results revealed that the increasing of Nd2O3 concentration in TZNd-glasses from 1 to 5 mol% had a positive effect on their elastic parameters: Young’s modulus increased from 53.13 to 54.81 GPa, bulk modulus changed from 31.95-33.65 GPa, and the PR varied from 0.222 to 0.228 for TZNd1 to TZNd5. There was a small increase in the Z/A as the Nd content increased, which leads to slight increase in TMSP of the particles. The mass attenuation coefficient (µm) increased in the order TZNd1 < TZNd2 < TZNd3 < TZNd4 < TZNd5. The maximum value of LAC obtained at 15 keV were 246, 249, 253, 257, and 260 cm?1 for TZNd1, TZNd2, TZNd3, TZNd4, and TZNd5, respectively. The HVT varies inversely with the linear attenuation coefficient. Throughout the considered energy spectrum the range of Ze f f for the glasses varied from 22.65 ?40.22, 22.64 ?40.25, 22.64 ?40.29, 22.63 ?40.32, and 22.63 ?40.36 for TZNd1, TZNd2, TZNd3, TZNd4, and TZNd5, respectively. The values of fast neutron removal cross section ?R showed a steady increase as the partial densities of Nd and oxygen of the TZNd-glass systems increased. Generally, one can conclude that the additive of Nd2O3 to TeO2-ZnO glasses leads to enhance their mechanical properties and increase their ability to absorb neutron and photon to apply in nuclear medicine applications. © 2023, Islamic Azad University. All rights reserved.Öğe Heavy metal oxide (HMO) glasses as an effective member of glass shield family: A comprehensive characterization on gamma ray shielding properties of various structures(Elsevier Editora Ltda, 2022) Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Susoy, Gülfem; Issa, Shams A.M.; Ene, Antoaneta; ALMisned, Ghada; Rammah, Y.S.; Ali Fatema, T.; Algethami, Merfat; Zakaly, Hesham M.H.Using advanced Monte Carlo simulation techniques and theoretical methodologies, a thorough investigation on the gamma-ray shielding properties of several heavy metal oxide glasses were performed. The general-purpose Monte Carlo code MCNPX (version 2.7.0) was used to simulate gamma-ray transmission to determine fundamental attenuation coefficients. The acquired findings were compared to Phy-X/PSD to confirm that the outputs were consistent. Additionally, other gamma-ray shielding parameters were computed and studied throughout a broad photon energy range of 0.015 MeV–15 MeV. From A to F glass samples, a sharp density increase from 5.99 g/cm3 to 8.9 g/cm3 was found. As a result, the F sample was found to have the highest linear attenuation coefficients. Our results indicate that increasing the amount of Bi reinforcement improved the material's overall gamma-ray attenuation properties. The F sample with the highest Bi reinforcement in its glass structure was subsequently shown to have superior gamma-ray shielding characteristics. Finally, we compared the F sample's half-value layer values to those of other commercial glass shields, various concretes, and other glass shields investigated in the literature. As a consequence of the benchmarking procedure, it has been determined that the F sample has better shielding capabilities than other shielding materials. It can be concluded that heavy metal oxide glasses offer apparent benefits in terms of more efficiently attenuating incoming gamma-rays. Additionally, it can be concluded that applying high Bi to heavy metal oxide glasses is a beneficial strategy for improving the gamma-ray attenuation capabilities of heavy metal oxide glasses. © 2022 The Author(s)Öğe Investigation of the elastic moduli, optical characteristics, and ionizing radiation attenuation capacity of specific strontium borosilicate glasses(Springer, 2022) Issa, S.A.M.; Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Hessien, M.M.; Rammah, Y.S.This study aims to investigate a specific strontium borosilicate with the form 30SiO2– 40B2O3– 30SrO– xEu2O3 (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 mol%) glasses encoded as (GE0.1-GE-0.6) in terms of their nonlinear/linear optical, mechanical characteristics as well as gamma photons attenuation capacity. The molar refractivity (Rmolar) was possessed the values 19.409, 19.440, 19.256, 19.575, and 19.819 (cm3/mol), while the molar polarizability (?molar) was possessed the values 7.702, 7.714, 7.641, 7.768, and 7.863, (cm3) for GE0.1, GE.0.3, GE0.4, GE0.5, and GE0.6 glasses, respectively. Values of the optical susceptibility (?3) were 4.000 × 10?12, 4.534 × 10?12, 4.640 × 10?12, 4.749 × 10?12, and 5.095 × 10?12 (esu), and values of nonlinear refractive index (n2optical) were 6.196 × 10?11, 6.931 × 10?11, 7.075 × 10?11, 7.224 × 10?11, and 7.695 × 10?11 for GE0.1, GE.0.3, GE0.4, GE0.5, and GE0.6 glasses, respectively. The mass attenuation coefficient (µm) values were obeyed the trend: (µm)GE0.6 > (µm) GE0.5 > (µm)GE0.4 > (µm) GE0.3 > (µm) GE0.1. The half value layer (T1/2) values of 0.192 cm, 0.178 cm, 0.171 cm, 0.167 cm, and 0.164 cm were recorded for GE0.1, GE0.3, GE0.4, GE0.5, and GE0.6 samples at 0.06 MeV photon energy, respectively. The findings indicated that GE0.6 had the lowest values of mean free path (?) and the highest effective atomic numbers (Zeff) at the photon energies investigated. The GE0.1 sample was reported the maximum exposure and energy absorption buildup factors (EBF and EABF) values, while the minimum values were reported for the GE0.6 sample. © 2022, The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Australian Ceramic Society.Öğe Nuclear shielding performances of borate/sodium/potassium glasses doped with Sm3+ ions(Elsevier Editora Ltda, 2022) Zakaly, Hesham M.H.; Rammah, Y.S.; Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Ene, Antoaneta; Badawi, Ali; Issa, Shams A.M.In this paper the impact of adding the trivalent samarium (Sm3+) rare earth (RE3+) ions on the nuclear shielding performances of borate/sodium/potassium glasses with chemical form B2O3(70–x)/Na2O15/K2O15/Sm2O3; x = 0.0–2.0 mol% was examined. Material densities were enhanced quantitatively from 2.22 to 2.48 g/cm3. Several radiation shielding parameters have been determined in the 0.15–15 MeV photon energy range via MCNPX simulation code and Phy-X/PSD software. Results showed that the addition of Sm3+ ions to the glasses improved the linear (LAC) and mass (MAC) attenuation coefficients. The Sm2.0 sample (rich with Sm3+ ions and with a high density) has the highest LAC and MAC at all photon energy values under investigation. The half-value layer (T1/2) values of the studied Sm-glasses followed the trend: (T1/2)Sm0.0> (T1/2)Sm0.1> (T1/2)Sm0.3> (T1/2)Sm0.5> (T1/2)Sm0.7> (T1/2)Sm1.0> (T1/2)Sm1.5> (T1/2)Sm2.0. The mean free path (?) has a similar trend as T1/2. The numerical results of effective atomic number (Zeff) were: Sm0.0 = 10.538, Sm0.1 = 10.70646, Sm0.3 = 11.03259, Sm0.5 = 11.28569, Sm0.7 = 11.53882, Sm1.0 = 11.91848, Sm1.5 = 12.42718, Sm2.0 = 12.9175 at 0.015 MeV, and Sm0.0 = 8.36553, Sm0.1 = 8.42831, Sm0.3 = 8.55388, Sm0.5 = 8.67944, Sm0.7 = 8.80502, Sm1.0 = 8.99335, Sm1.5 = 9.28877, Sm2.0 = 9.58377 at 15 MeV. The Sm2.0 glass sample has the greatest Zeff value across all gamma-ray energies. This condition is likewise associated with the highest Sm (Z = 62) content in Sm2.0 when compared to the other studied glasses. In addition, the Sm2.0 sample had the lowest exposure (EBF) and energy absorption (EABF) build-up factors values among the glass samples under investigation. All the obtained observations confirm that the Sm-glass samples can be considered promising materials for attenuation of nuclear radiations. © 2022 The Author(s)Öğe The significant role of WO3 on high-dense BaO–P2O3 glasses: transmission factors and a comparative investigation using commercial and other types of shields(The significant role of WO3 on high-dense BaO–P2O3 glasses: transmission factors and a comparative investigation using commercial and other types of shields, 2022) Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Almisned, Ghada; Rammah, Y.S.; Susoy, Gülfem; Ali, Fatema T.; Baykal, Duygu Şen; Elshami, W.; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Issa, Shams A. M.The direct effects of tungsten trioxide (WO3) on gamma radiation attenuation properties of tungsten/barium/phosphate glasses with chemical form xWO3–(50-x/2)BaO–(50-x/2)P2O3, x = 0 (S1)–60 (S7) in steps of 10 mol% has been investigated. To this end, Phy-X/PSD software and Monte Carlo code were applied. The increased amount of WO3 in the glass composition, on the other hand, contributed positively to the increase in density and radiation sensing properties. At the lowest and highest WO3 contributions, a nearly twofold increase in HVL value was seen for the S1 and S7 glass samples, respectively, with S7 having the lowest HVL values. The HVL has obeyed the trend as: (HVL)S1 > (HVL)S2 > (HVL)S3 > (HVL)S4 > (HVL)S5 > (HVL)S6 > (HVL)S7. The variation of the tenth value layer (TVL) for all studied glasses has the same trend of HVL. In terms of mean free path (MFP), there was negative effect of WO3 concentration on the trend of MFP. Consequently, S7 glass sample has the lowest values of MFP, while the S1 glass sample has the highest values. Therefore, (MFP)S1 > (MFP)S2 > (MFP)S3 > (MFP)S4 > (MFP)S5 > (MFP)S6 > (MFP)S7. A comparison of the HVL of S7 glass sample with some commercial radiation shielding materials such as different types of concrete and RS-253-G18 glasses has been performed and concluded that the S7 glass sample is superior as radiation shielding material than several commercial materials. It can be concluded that WO3 reinforcement serves a multipurpose of increasing the density and hence the gamma-ray-shielding characteristics of comparable glass compositions. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.Öğe Thermal and optical characteristics of synthesized sand/CeO2 glasses: Experimental approach(Springer, 2022) Henaish, A.M.A.; Zakaly, H.M.H.; Saudi, H.A.; Issa, S.A.M.; Tekin, Hüseyin Ozan; Hessein, M.M.; Rammah, Y.S.In this study, glass samples of composition 20PbO-20CaO-20Sand-(40 ? x)B2O3-xCeO2, where x = 0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 in wt.% and sand = SiO2 (90.4%) + CaO (2.8%) + ZrO2 (2.3%) + Fe2O3 (2.1%), were fabricated via the ordinary melt quenching technique. The thermal and optical properties of the glasses were experimentally investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis, which is measured as a function of temperature based on the difference in the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of a sample and reference. All glasses were found to be thermally stable up to 550°C. The glass transition temperature (Tg) varied from 211°C to 219°C, crystallization temperature (Tc) varied from 303°C to 310°C, and melting point (Tm) was 577°C. The values of the indirect optical energy band gaps (EOptical, Indirect) reduced from 2.63 eV to 2.28 eV, while the direct gaps (EOptical, Direct) reduced from 5.07 eV to 4.17 eV. Urbach’s energy (EU) was changed from 0.42 eV to 0.46 eV. The dielectric constant behaved similarly to the refractive index and absorption coefficient of the proposed glasses. The refractive index data were analyzed to obtain important optical information and the corresponding derivative electrical parameters, namely, the oscillator energy, dispersion energy, dielectric constant at high frequency, the dielectric loss, and the energy-loss functions. There was a remarkable increase in the optical conductivity (?opt) with increasing CeO2 content, with peaks appearing in all samples doped by CeO2 and reaching a peak maxima of about 2.72–3.10 eV. Volume energy loss (VELF) and surface energy loss (SELF) functions were increased with increasing CeO2 content, with a characteristic peak at around 3.47 eV for all proposed samples. © 2022, The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society.Öğe A thorough examination of gadolinium (III)-containing silicate bioactive glasses: synthesis, physical, mechanical, elastic and radiation attenuation properties(Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH, 2022) Deliormanlı, Aylin M.; Ensoylu, Mertcan; Issa, Shams A.M.; Rammah, Y.S.; Almisned, Ghada; Tekin, Hüseyin OzanGadolinium (III)-containing (1, 3 and 5 wt.%) silicate-based bioactive glass powders were synthesized by sol–gel method and subsequently die pressed to fabricate disc-shape glass samples. Sintering was performed at 690 °C for 1 h in air atmosphere. Physical, structural, and mechanical properties (compressive strength and Vickers hardness) of the fabricated glass pellets were investigated. Results showed that prepared glass samples were amorphous after sintering and any detrimental effect of Gd2O3 was not observed on the densification. An increase in bulk density and in compressive strength was obtained as the gadolinium (III) concentration was increased. On the other hand, a significant influence of the rare-earth element on the Vickers hardness was not seen. For the sample containing gadolinium (III) at highest concentration, Vickers hardness was measured to be 3.25 ± 0.23 GPa. Our findings indicate that increasing the quantity of Gadolinium (III) significantly affects the gamma-ray attenuation qualities of bioactive glass samples. The addition of Gadolinium (III) improved the attenuation qualities of the bioactive glass samples across a broad energy range. As a result, it can be concluded that Gadolinium (III) and its monotonic effect may be used to modify the basic features of bioactive glass samples. In addition, it can be concluded that this monotonic effect may be employed to optimize the circumstances of use of associated bioactive materials based on their requirements in medical and engineering applications. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH, DE part of Springer Nature.
