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    Quality and nutritional characteristics of durum wheats grown in anatolia
    (2022) Canay, Ferda Unsal; Sanal, Turgay; Köksel, Hamit
    This study aimed to determine the quality and nutritional characteristics of durum wheat varieties commonly grown in Anatolia and detect changes in nutritional properties due to milling. There were significant differences in hectoliter weight, thousand kernel weight, hardness index, kernel size, ash, protein, beta-carotene contents, and SDS sedimentation values. The correlation between ash and phytic acid contents was significant (r=0.953). Over 60% reduction was observed in semolina samples' phytic acid content compared to wheat. There were significant correlations between TDF and phytic acid contents in the durum wheat and semolina samples. Although the Zn, Fe, P, Ca, and B concentrations of the wheat samples grown in Central Anatolia were higher than those grown in South-eastern Anatolia, there was an opposite trend in their semolina samples. The results might benefit breeders in improving durum wheat's technological and nutritional quality.
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    Technological and nutritional characteristics of bran-supplemented spaghetti and reduction of phytic acid content
    (Springer, 2023) Unsal-Canay, Ferda; Sanal, Turgay; Koksel, Hamit
    In this study, samples of eight durum wheat cultivars (Cesit-1252, Eminbey, Guney Yildizi, Kiziltan, Maestrale, Mirzabey, Svevo and Zenith) commonly grown in Turkey were used. The main purposes of the study were to investigate the effect of bran addition (0, 7.5, 15.0 and 22.5%) on the technological and nutritional properties of spaghetti, and the phytic acid (PA) content. The possibility of reducing the phytic acid content of bran-supplemented pasta with enzyme addition and incubation was also investigated. Bran supplementation had some detrimental effects on sensory, technological and colour properties, especially at 22.5% bran supplementation level. On the other hand, significant increases in total dietary fibre and protein content values were observed. Compared to the control pasta samples, addition of bran at the ratios of 7.5, 15.0 and 22.5% caused 72.2, 108.9, 150.7% increases in average PA content, respectively. The mean PA content of spaghetti samples of all cultivars was lower (around 24%) than the mean PA content of semolina samples of all cultivars. The changes in the PA content were also investigated in one cultivar by adding different amounts of enzyme in the pasta supplemented with 22.5% bran. The maximum reduction in PA content (56.1%) was observed in the pasta sample supplemented with 1.5% phytase enzyme and incubated for 2 h at 45 degrees C.
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    Utilization potential of Glutograph in wheat breeding programs and the influence of genotype and environment on bread wheat quality
    (Wiley, 2020) Evlice, Asuman Kaplan; Pehlivan, Aliye; Sanal, Turgay; Salantur, Ayten; Kilic, Gokhan; Dugan, Gulcin; Boyaci, Ismail H.; Köksel, Hamit
    Background and objectives Glutograph is a relatively new instrument to determine the stretch (GS) and relaxation (GR) properties of wheat gluten. The aims of this research were to determine heritability values of GS and GR and to investigate the effects of genotype and environment on some quality parameters and yield. The relationship between Glutograph parameters and other traits was also investigated by using correlation and biplot analyses. Findings Wide ranges of variability values were observed among both genotypes and environments for Glutograph parameters and other investigated characteristics. Genotype was found to be the most significant source of variation (69%), and high heritability values (0.95) were calculated for Glutograph parameters. Glutograph parameters had strong relationships with gluten index (GI) and Alveograph deformation energy (W) based on correlation and biplot analyses. Biplot analysis performed on 24 genotypes and nineteen traits demonstrated that especially eight genotypes had similar responses for GS, GI, grain protein content, Alveograph elasticity index, W, and Zeleny sedimentation values. Conclusion Glutograph could be a beneficial quick screening test especially in early stages of breeding programs for improving the baking quality of wheat. Significance and novelty The high heritability values indicate that Glutograph has a great potential for evaluation of gluten quality, especially in breeding programs.