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  • Küçük Resim
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    Effect of potassium aluminum sulfate application on the viability of fibroblasts on a cad-cam feldspathic ceramic before and after thermocycling
    (PMID, 2022) Çakmak, Gülce; Akay, Canan; Dönmez, Mustafa Borga; Mumcu, Emre; Akan, Handan Sevim; Sasany, Rafat; Abou-Ayash, Samir; Yılmaz, Burak
    Abstract: Potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) is a known adjuvant, which has been used as a mordant in textile industry for color fixation. This material has potential to be incorporated into dentistry for color stability, yet its toxicity first needs to be evaluated. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic potential of potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) on fibroblasts when applied onto feldspathic ceramic before and after thermocycling. Forty-eight feldspathic ceramic specimens were divided into four groups (FC: no alum application or thermocycling; FCT: thermocycling without alum application; FA: alum application without thermocycling; FAT: alum application and thermocycling) (n = 12). Cell viability was assessed by using a tetrazolium salt 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol2-yl]-2,5-diphnyltetrazolium bromide assay at 24 and 72 h, and cell cultures without any ceramic specimens served as control (C). One sample from each material group was further analyzed with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Cell viability at different time intervals within each group was analyzed with Friedman tests, while Kruskal–Wallis tests were used to compare the test groups within each time interval. Pairwise comparisons were further resolved by using Wilcoxon tests (a = 0.05). C had lower (p = 0.01) and FA had higher (p = 0.019) cell viability after 72 h. After 24 h, the highest cell viability was observed in C (p ? 0.036). After 72 h, the differences between C and FA, C and FAT, FC and FA, and FCT and FAT were nonsignificant (p > 0.05). Cell viability was not affected by alum application or thermocycling at any time interval (p ? 0.631). EDX analysis showed an increase in potassium concentration in FA and FAT when compared with FC and FCT. Regardless of the time interval, alum application onto feldspathic ceramic and thermocycling did not influence the cell viability.
  • Küçük Resim Yok
    Öğe
    Stainability and translucency of potassium aluminum sulfate applied computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing materials after coffee thermocycling
    (Wiley, 2024) Sasany, Rafat; Donmez, Mustafa Borga; de Paula, Marcella Silva; Kahveci, Cigdem; Ceylan, Gozlem; Yilmaz, Burak; Cakmak, Guelce
    Objective: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of potassium aluminum sulfate (alum) application on the stainability and translucency of computer aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials after coffee thermocycling (CTC). Materials and Methods: Disk-shaped specimens (& Oslash;10 x 1 mm; N = 200) were fabricated by using additively (Crowntec [CT] and Varseo Smile Crown Plus [VS]) and subtractively manufactured (Brilliant Crios [RCR], CEREC Block [FC], and Vita Enamic [VE]) CAD-CAM materials and polished. All specimens were randomly divided into two groups as alum applied and control (n = 10). All specimens were then subjected to CTC (10,000 cycles at 5-55 degrees C) and color coordinates were measured at each time interval. Color differences (Delta E-00) and relative translucency parameters (RTPs) were calculated and the data were statistically analyzed (a = 0.05). Results: Among tested time intervals, alum applied specimens had their lowest Delta E-00 after alum application (p <= 0.006), except for FC (p = 0.177). In addition, alum applied RCR had lower Delta E-00 values than its control specimens (p = 0.029). Alum applied specimens had their lowest RTP after CTC (p < 0.001) and alum application decreased the RTP of CT (p = 0.010). CTC reduced the RTP of all materials in control groups (p < 0.001). Alum applied CT had higher RTP than its control specimens (p = 0.049). Conclusions: Alum application's effect on color change varied depending on the material and alum mostly resulted in clinically acceptable changes in translucency. CTC led to unacceptable color and translucency changes based on previously reported threshold values.Clinical Significance: Optical properties of CAD-CAM materials and the sustainability of these properties over time is critical for longevity. Alum may improve the color stability of reinforced composite resin when subjected to long-term coffee consumption.