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Öğe Dysprosium-enriched polymer nanocomposites: Assessing radiation shielding and optical properties(Elsevier, 2024) Abulyazied, D. E.; Issa, Shams A. M.; Saudi, H. A.; Abomostafa, H. M.; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.This paper includes a comprehensive analysis of the radiation shielding, optical properties, and structural makeup of polymer composites that contain Dy2O3 additions. XRD-pattern investigates the effect of loading Dy2O3 content on PS, with the average crystallite size of Dy2O3 decreases from 39 nm to 30 nm as Dy2O3 increases from 2.5 to 7.5 wt% in the PS matrix. The optical properties of the nanocomposites showed that with the increase in the Dy2O3 content, the transmittance, as well as the direct and indirect band gap, decreased. The EIndirect bandgap decreased from 3.1 to 2.75 eV with a Dy2O3 increase from 0 to 7.5 wt%, while the Edirect g g Bandgap reduced from 4.6 to 4.35 eV. While the Urbach energy Eu and the refractive index increase, Eu rises from 0.48 to 0.60 e V, and n improves from 1.4 to 1.78 from 0 to 7.5 wt%. In order to conduct an accurate analysis of the gamma-ray attenuation capabilities of the selected new polymer composites, these composites were manufactured with varying proportions of the additive components. With the assistance of a Na(Tl) detector, experimental assessments were carried out on the gamma rays throughout a broad spectrum of photon energies, ranging from 81 keV up to 1416 keV. The sample encased in PS/Dy7.5 demonstrates excellent radiation attenuation, and it is important to note that this novel polymer shielding material does not include any hazardous components.Öğe Gamma-ray shielding evaluation of highly-dense PBSCCx-glasses: experimental and simulation study(Springer, 2024) Almousa, N.; Issa, Shams A. M.; Saudi, H. A.; Rammah, Y. S.; Mostafa, A. M. A.; Ene, Antoaneta; Saif, M. A.; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.In this study, comprehensive experimental measurements have been achieved to assess the gamma shielding properties of the five unique compositions and highly dense PBSCCx-glass (4.13-4.51 g/cm3) at selected gamma-ray energies (81-2614 keV). Several significant radiation shielding factors, such as mass attenuation coefficient, half value layer, and Radiation protection efficiency (RPE), have been determined. The experimental outcome data agrees with those obtained via FLUKA codes. The PBSCCx-glasses possessed mu values as: 0.2813, 0.2881, 0.2939, 0.2999, and 0.3065 cm2/g for PBSCC00, PBSCC2.5, PBSCC5.0, PBSCC7.5, and PBSCC10 at 0.662 MeV, respectively. At all selected energy, PBSCC10 glasses (10 wt%) reported the lowest T1/2 with a reduction of up to 92% at 2.614 MeV compared to PBSCC00 and recorded the. Furthermore, PBSCC10 has the highest RPE. These findings demonstrate that the PBSCC10 glass exhibits excellent attenuation properties when compared to other tested materials. Through systematic variation of CeO2 concentrations and comparison of experimental data with FLUKA simulation results, the study provided a comprehensive analysis of gamma shielding properties, validating findings and enhancing understanding of how different CeO2 levels impact radiation attenuation. That provides novel insights into the optimal composition for enhanced gamma-ray shielding.Öğe Improving electrical, optical and radiation shielding properties of polyvinyl alcohol yttrium oxide composites(Elsevier, 2023) Issa, Shams A. M.; Abulyazied, D. E.; Alrowaily, Albandari W.; Saudi, H. A.; Ali, E. S.; Henaish, A. M. A.; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.This research aims to study the impact of yttrium oxide on the radiation protection features of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) for gamma shielding applications. The yttrium oxide (Y2O3) was instilled through the PVA matrix by different contents (x 1/4 0.1 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.9 wt%). The morphology of the prepared PVA/Y2O3 composites was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The samples were investigated using absorption edge, transmittance spectra and dielectric properties. The transmittance and the bandgap energy decrease as the Y2O3 content increases while there is an increase in epsilon 0 and epsilon 00 as well as the ac conductivity with the content increment of Y2O3 till 0.7 wt%. The temperature dependence of the dc conductivity was measured for all samples in the range of 260-460 K, and it increases with the temperature increasing. To correlate the electrical characteristics of the PVA/Y2O3 composites with their structure and evaluate electrical properties with the help of equivalent circuit matching with the experimentally electrical response in the impedance spectrum, the radiation protection properties were also investigated to get the radiation shielding performance of these PVA/Y2O3 composite films with varying Y2O3 content. The linear attenuation coefficient (m), half value layer (T0.5), and mass attenuation coefficient (mm) were measured. According to all obtained data, PVA/Y2O3 composite films with various percentages (0.1 wt%, 0.3 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.9 wt%) can be used as a radiation shielding material.(c) 2023 Chinese Society of Rare Earths. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Ni-doped and co-doped borate glasses for energy storage and UV-blocking applications(Springer, 2024) Gomaa, Hosam M.; Saudi, H. A.; Issa, Shams A. M.; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.In this work, the calcium-lead arseborate glass's basic components were doped with an equal amounts of NiCl2 and CoCl2, separately, to obtain two different glass samples that were dubbed the Ni-doped sample and the Co-doped sample. The fast quenching method was used to prepare that samples, while UV-vis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were used to characterize them. The XRD patterns of Ni-doped and Co-doped glass samples reveal amorphous structures with short-range order. While both contain similar components, nickel and cobalt additions result in distinct diffraction humps. The Ni-doped sample exhibits wider transmission windows and sharper band edges compared to the Co-doped sample. Additionally, Ni-doped glass shows higher maximum absorbance, suggesting suitability for energy storage, while Co-doped glass is better for UV-blocking applications. The absorption index, crucial for light-matter interaction, reflects optical relaxation processes and is influenced by material composition and structure. Dielectric loss factors were determined using the Drude-Lorentz model, highlighting the importance of understanding absorption index and optical relaxation in materials science. The resonance frequency of Co-doped glass is lower than that of Ni-doped glass, resulting in the absorption index and dielectric loss reaching their maxima at lower energy values for Co-doped glass. Furthermore, the Plasmon frequency in Co-doped glass is higher than in Ni-doped glass, indicating its superior ability to screen incident photons. Additionally, the scattering time for Co-doped glass is lower than for Ni-doped glass, suggesting that the Ni-doped sample has larger interatomic distances.
