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    Diabetes Health Promotion Self-Care Scale: Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version
    (2022) Selek, Alev; Altun, İnsaf; Baydemir, Canan; Aydın, Levent; Çetinarslan, Berrin; Demirhan, Yeliz; Cantürk, Zeynep
    This study was carried out to put the Diabetes Health Promotion Self-Care Scale for patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) into use for nursing and medical literature. The sample of this methodological design research consisted of 620 patients diagnosed with type 2 DM. The data were collected with Personal Information Form and the Diabetes Health Promotion Self-Care Scale. In the validity and reliability stage of the scale, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyzes, and structural equation modeling was used for the item analyzes, internal consistency, and structural validity. The statistical analysis showed that the reliability coefficient of the scale was Cronbach ?=0.922. The sub-factors of the Diabetes Health Promotion Self-Care Scale consisting of 27 items and 7 sub-factors were determined as "Interpersonal Relationships", "Blood glucose self-monitoring", "Personal Health Responsibility", "Exercise", "Diet", "Adherence to the Recommended Regime", and "Foot Care". As a result of the analysis, the Diabetes Health Promotion Self-Care Scale was found as a valid and reliable scale to be applied to Turkish society.
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    Estrogen receptor-alpha expression and the correlation between pathologic and clinical features in parathyroid adenomas
    (DergiPark, 2020) Öztürk, Funda; Çetinarslan, Berrin; Gezer, Emre; Gürbüz, Yeşim Saliha; Selek, Alev; Sözen, Mehmet; Cantürk, Zeynep
    Aim: Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia. Primary hyperparathyroidism shows a marked increase in postmenopausal women.In this study, we aimed to evaluate the estrogen receptors alpha (ER?) expression in parathyroid adenomas and the association of preoperative serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels with adenoma weight of patients diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism. Material and Methods: Total of 50 patients were included in the study, after excluding the patients diagnosed with tertiary hyperparathyroidism, double adenoma, parathyroid hyperplasia and parathyroid carcinoma. The diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma was confirmed by pathologist. After validation of parathyroid adenoma, ER? expression was evaluated with immunohistochemical method. Pathological features of the parathyroid adenomas were recorded. Results: The patients included in the study are mostly women and are in the postmenopausal period. Parathyroid adenoma hasn’t shown ER? expression in immunohistochemical staining. Male patients had higher mean pre-operative calcium and vitamin D levels than women (p=0.026, p=0.009 respectively). There was no correlation between menopause and pre-postoperative calcium, vitamin D and PTH. Correlation was found between adenoma diameter and adenoma weight with pre-operative serum calcium and PTH levels. Conclusion: In our study, statistically significant positive correlation was detected between the diameter of parathyroid adenoma and preoperative serum calcium together with PTH levels. This finding suggests the preoperative clinical features of the patients may be useful in predicting the adenoma diameter. However, it is important to determine the cut-off values of serum calcium and PTH level which might have a significant association with the adenoma diameter.
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    Letrozole decreased testosterone-ınduced cell proliferation and prolactin secretion also increased apoptosis in MMQ and GH3 rat prolactinoma cell lines
    (Springer, 2023) Selek, Alev; Halbutoğulları, Zehra Seda Unal; Aydemir, Çiğdem İnci; Cetinarslan, Berrin; Cantürk, Zeynep; Tarkun, İlhan; Erman, Gülay; Şubasi, Cansu; Karaöz, Erdal
    Aromatase enzyme plays an essential role in estrogen-induced tumorigenesis. It is expressed in the normal pituitary and more significantly in prolactinoma tissues. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an aromatase inhibitor, letrozole, on MMQ and GH3 rat prolactinoma cell lines and evaluate the possible mechanism of action. MMQ and GH3 cells were characterized with demonstrating aromatase enzyme and estrogen receptor alpha expression by PCR and immunofluorescence staining. After dose optimization for testosterone (T) and letrozole (L), four groups were established: only the testosteron-treated group (T) to detect cell proliferation; only letrozole-treated group (L) to investigate apoptotic effects; testosterone and letrozole concomitant-treated group to demonstrate inhibition of testosterone induced cell proliferation with letrozole treatment s(T + L) and control group (C) with no treatment. The proliferation rate of cells was determined by WST-1. For the detection of apoptotic and necrotic cells, Annexin V and caspase-3 labeling was used. Prolactin and estrogen levels were measured with ELISA, and the mRNA expression of aromatase and Esr1 was also determined. Testosterone induced the proliferation of MMQ and GH3 cells and further increased prolactin and estradiol levels. Adding letrozole to testosterone resulted in decreased cellular proliferation and even induced apoptosis. Also, letrozole administration significantly decreased prolactin and estradiol levels. However, letrozole alone had no effects on proliferation and apoptosis. Gene expression of aromatase and Esr1 was also significantly decreased by letrozole treatment. This in vitro study demonstrated that treatment of testosterone proliferating cells with letrozole resulted in decreased prolactin levels and cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, and further loss of aromatase and Esr1 mRNA expression were observed. Although this is an in vivo study, the results showed unique and novel findings which may easily be adapted to clinical use for further verification.