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Öğe Accessory mitral valve tissue: anatomical and clinical perspectives(Elsevier Inc., 2021) Yetkin, Ertan; Çuğlan, Bilal; Turhan, Hasan; Yalta, K.Mitral valve is a complex cardiac structure composed of several components to work in synchrony to allow blood flow into left ventricle during diastole and not to allow blood flow into left atrium during systole. Accessory mitral valve tissue (AMVT) was defined as existence of any additional part and parcel of valvular structure which has an attachment to normal mitral valve apparatus in left-sided cardiac chambers. AMVT may present itself in different clinical circumstances ranging from a silent clinical course to thromboembolic events, heart failure, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, and severe arrhythmia. This article reviews the clinical perspectives of AMVT in terms of symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment, providing a new anatomical classification regarding the location of AMVT. Briefly type I refers to AMVT having attachments on the supra leaflets level, type II refers to attachments on the mitral leaflets, and type III refers to attachment below the mitral leaflets. Increased awareness and widespread use of echocardiographic techniques would increase recognition of AMVT in patients with heart murmurs but otherwise healthy and in those with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction or tissue which causes subaortic stenosis and with unexplained cerebrovascular events. © 2020Öğe An antiarrhythmic approach to hydroxychloroquine-induced QT prolongation(Bohn Stafleu Van Loghum Bv, 2020) Yetkin, Ertan; Yalta, K.; Waltenberger, J.Derivatives of quinolone, namely quinidine, quinine and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ, hydroxylated form of aminoquinone), have been used for decades in the treatment of different diseases, including malaria, rheumatological diseases, cardiac arrhythmias and, most recently, the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Although quinidine is no longer widely used for the termination and prevention of arrhythmias, quinine and HCQ are still in common use for rheumatological diseases and malaria. Their common side-effects, QT prolongation and a risk of proarrhythmia, have re-emerged as a result of the widespread use of HCQ in the treatment of COVID-19. In fact, they all show the main electrophysiological aspects of class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs. This antiarrhythmic effect is mainly characterised by the inhibition of fast Na channels and to a lesser extent by K-channel inhibition. However, this class I antiarrhythmic effect is accompanied by a proarrhythmic effect by prolonging the QT interval, thereby facilitating the occurrence of torsades de pointes or ventricular arrhythmias. Therefore, being a derivative of quinolone, like quinidine, and manifesting class Ia antiarrhythmic drug effects, HCQ has been given all the attention regarding theÖğe Atypical variants of takotsubo cardiomyopathy: mechanistic and clinical implications(Science Press, 2020) Yalta, K.; Yetkin, Ertan; Taylan, G.Over past decades, takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) has drawn a substantial interest as a unique form of acute and reversible cardiomyopathy that usually emerges in response to adrenergic hyperactivation associated with a variety of emotional and physical triggers.[1,2] Even though, this phenomenon is generally characterized by an apical balloning pattern (classical variant), it might occasionally present with atypical morphological variants including mid-ventricular, inverted and focal forms of myocardial involvement.Öğe Infectious agents, protein electrophoresis and immunoglobulin levels in patients with coronary artery ectasia(OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2021) İmadoğlu Yetkin, Gülay; Taşcıoğlu, D.; Öztürk, S.; Çuğlan, B.; Zorkun, C. S.; Yalta, K.; Yetkin, E.Even the mechanism of coronary artery ectasia (CAE) shares the common pathophysiologic steps and risk factors with atherosclerosis which led to assume that CAE is a variant of atherosclerosis, there are certain discrepancies or aspects incompatible of atherosclerosis.
