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    Neuroprotective effects of dexpanthenol on rabbit spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury model
    (Elsevier, 2022) Gülmez, Ahmet; Kuru Bektaşoğlu, Pınar; Tönge, Çağhan; Yaprak, Ahmet; Türkoğlu, Erhan; Önder, Evrim; İmge Ergüder, Berrin; Sargon, Mustafa; Gürer, Bora; Kertmen, Hayri
    Objective: Dexpanthenol (DXP) reportedly protects tissues against oxidative damage in various inflammation models. This study aimed to evaluate its effects on oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and neurological recovery in an experimental rabbit spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury (SCIRI) model. Methods: Rabbits were randomized into five groups of eight animals each: group 1 (control), group 2 (ischemia), group 3 (vehicle), group 4 (methylprednisolone, 30 mg/kg), and group 5 (DXP, 500 mg/kg). The control group underwent laparotomy only, whereas other groups were subjected to spinal cord ischemia by aortic occlusion (just caudal to the two renal arteries) for 20 min. After 24 h, a modified Tarlov scale was employed to record neurological examination results. Malondialdehyde and caspase-3 levels and catalase and myeloperoxidase activities were analyzed in tissue and serum samples. Xanthine oxidase activity was measured in the serum. Histopathological and ultrastructural evaluations were also performed on the spinal cord. Results: After SCIRI, serum and tissue malondialdehyde and caspase-3 levels and myeloperoxidase activity and serum xanthine oxidase activity were increased (p <0.05-0.001). However, serum and tissue catalase activity decreased significantly (p <0.001). DXP treatment was associated with lower malondialdehyde and caspase-3 levels and reduced myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase activities but increased catalase activity (p <0.05-0.001). Furthermore, DXP was associated with better histopathological, ultrastructural, and neurological outcome scores. Conclusion: This study was the first to evaluate antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neuroprotective effects of DXP on SCIRI. Further experimental and clinical investigations are warranted to confirm that DXP can be administered to treat SCIRI.