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    Frequency of COVID-19 Vaccination, Level of COVID-19 Fear among University Students: A Cross-sectional Study
    (Kare Publishing, 2023) Kaplan, A.K.; Şahin, M.K.; Parıldar, H.; Zaman, F.K.; Sayharman, S.; Kılınç, E.; Tamer İ.
    Objectives: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) vaccination, the level of COVID-19 fear, and associated factors among university students. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study participated by university students from Maltepe University, Türkiye, between September 23 and November 26, 2021. An online questionnaire form was used in the study due to the pandemic. The questionnaire included sociodemographic and related COVID-19 characteristics and the fear of COVID-19 scale (FCV-19S). Results: A total of 3216 university students, 2276 (70.8%) female, participated in this study. Three thousand ninety-two (96.1%) were vaccinated against COVID-19. The FCV-19S scores of those vaccinated against COVID-19 were 18.0±7.2, while the FVS scores of those who were not vaccinated were 15.7±8.3 (p=0.001). When the factors affecting vaccination with COVID-19 were evaluated by regression analysis, it was determined that the history of COVID-19 infection (OR=1.837, 95% CI=1.173–2.876, and p=0.008), FCV-19S (OR=1.041, 95% CI=1.014–1.070, and p=0.003), and recommending the COVID-19 vaccine to others (OR=24.585, 95% CI=15.658–38.602, and p<0.001) had an effect on vaccination. Conclusion: This study revealed that the overall vaccination frequency among university students is >96%, with different hesitancy frequency among university departments. Medical and health science students have the lowest frequency of vaccine hesitancy and lowest fear levels, suggesting that they know the COVID-19 process, and its consequences, and have accurate information about vaccines. © 2023 Kare Publishing. All Rights Reserved.
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    Menopause
    (Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2022) Zaman, F.K.
    Women's lives can be examined in seven phases with no definite boundaries. One of these phases is the climacterium and menopause phase. This phase is a transition period between reproductive age and old age in women's lives and is characterized by the symptoms that occur as a result of the differentiation of hormonal balance depending on morphological and functional changes in the ovary. The word menopause is derived from the Greek words "mens (month)" and "pause (stop)." Menopause is the last menstrual bleeding when menstruation is permanently terminated. This period is the end of the production of ovarian eggs and estrogen and progesterone hormones as a result of the genetically-programmed loss of follicles in the ovary. The menopausal transition phase begins with menstrual irregularities and an increase in the FSH level. According to the classification of the WHO, the menopause phase is divided into three main periods: pre-menopause, menopause, and post-menopause. Clinical symptoms that can be seen in menopause are divided into two: early symptoms that are noticed and late symptoms that are unnoticed risks. The most common symptoms are insomnia, depression, constipation, sweating, hot flashes, loss of libido, frequent urination, loss of height, thinning of the skin, loss of breast tissue, increased bone fractures, osteoporosis, and thinning and dryness of the vagina. The FSH level, which is tested especially on the third day of menstruation, is the basic test whereas anamnesis, physical examination, TV-USG, cervical smear, biochemical parameters, mammography, and bone density measurement are important in follow-up. In addition to non-pharmacological therapy and information, medical treatments such as hormone replacement therapy, calcium and vitamin D support, and other supportive SSRIs can be recommended in the treatment. © 2022 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.