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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12713/176

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    Modification of hydraulic conductivity of sandy soil using seawater and alkaline solutions
    (Institute of Physics Publishing, 2020) Dawoud, Osama
    Altering soil characteristics by precipitation of the calcium carbonate between soil particles is attracting the interest of geotechnical engineers for a wide range of applications. However, current applied approaches still face challenges such as the high cost of materials, difficult handling of precursors, and hazardous by-products. The study described by the current paper investigated the modification of hydraulic conductivity of sandy soil by chemical precipitation of the calcium carbonate using seawater as the source of calcium. The designed experiment involved treatment of bench-scale soil columns by two readily mixed solutions. One of the solutions served as the source of calcium ions and the other contained carbonate ions. The current paper compares behavior of hydraulic reduction considering different resources. The results showed that the crystals formed in small sizes as a result of the instantaneous reaction of calcium precipitation; and thus, crystals transport with the solution as colloids. Accordingly, reductions in hydraulic conductivity were mainly governed by the filtration mechanisms; and the precipitated calcium carbonate was retained close to the injection point. Conducting treatment using seawater as the source for calcium ions induced 65% reduction in hydraulic conductivity at 5.5 g CaCO3/g soil. This reduction is identical to the case when the artificial source was used. Further treatment by the artificial source of calcium reduced the hydraulic conductivity of sandy soil by 97.2%. These outcomes suggest that the chemically induced calcium carbonate precipitation from seawater can be employed by some geo-environmental applications which are conducted in the vicinity of the shore and require reduction of hydraulic conductivity. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.