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Öğe Nanoarchitectonics and properties of sol-gel-derived bioactive glasses containing maghemite@ZnO core-shell nanoparticles(Springer heidelberg, 2024) Deliormanlı, Aylin M.; ALMisned, Ghada; Tekin, Hüseyin OzanThis study comprehensively examined the structural, magnetic, hemocompatibility, and bioactivity properties of magnetic bioactive glass particles embedded with zinc oxide-coated superparamagnetic maghemite (gamma-Fe2O3@ZnO) nanoparticles. Bioactive glass particles with varying concentrations of maghemite (2, 5, 10, and 20 wt%) were synthesized using the sol-gel method. The particles ranged in size from 6.83 mu m to 14.5 mu m, with size decreasing as maghemite content increased. The saturation magnetization values were 1.31 emu/g and 2.74 emu/g for the lowest and highest maghemite concentrations, respectively, indicating superparamagnetic behavior. Hydroxyapatite formation on the glass surfaces diminished with increased maghemite content, but hemocompatibility tests showed no significant hemolytic activity at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. The inclusion of gamma-Fe2O3@ZnO nanoparticles significantly enhanced the gamma radiation attenuation properties of the bioactive glasses, particularly at higher maghemite concentrations. In conclusion, gamma-Fe2O3@ZnO-enriched bioactive glasses exhibit promising potential for biomedical applications, offering a balance between magnetic functionality, bioactivity, and radiation shielding. Future research will focus on optimizing nanoparticle concentrations and surface modifications to enhance their multifunctionality.Öğe The global immune-nutrition-inflammation index (GINI) as a robust prognostic factor in glioblastoma patients treated with the standard stupp protocol(SAGE publications inc., 2024) Topkan, Erkan; Durankuş, Nilüfer Kılıç; Şenyürek, Şükran; Öztürk, Duriye; Besen, Ali Ayberk; Mertsoylu, Hüseyin; Pehlivan, Berrin; Selek, UğurBackground Systemic inflammation can significantly impact gliomas' onset, progression, and prognosis. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) represents the glioma subtype characterized by the most profound inflammatory and immunosuppressive states. Consequently, various blood-borne biomarkers have been scrutinized concerning their prognostic value in GBM patients. Objective We sought to investigate whether the recently introduced Global Immune-Nutrition-Inflammation Index (GINI) holds prognostic significance for GBM patients treated with the standard Stupp protocol. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data from a cohort of newly diagnosed GBM patients receiving the standard Stupp regimen using the propensity score-matching methodology. The GINI was computed using the original formula: GINI = [(C-reactive protein x Monocytes x Platelets x Neutrophils) divided by (Albumin x Lymphocytes)]. We employed receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to identify the optimal cutoff values for GINI, which could help distinguish between different survival outcomes. The primary and secondary objectives were the differences in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) between the GINI groups. Results The optimal GINI cutoff value was 1350. Out of 294 eligible patients, 211 were PSM-matched: GINI<1350 (N = 95) and GINI >= 1350 (N = 116). Comparative Kaplan-Meier estimates indicated that the GINI >= 1350 patients had substantially worse median PFS (8.0 vs 16.8 months; p < .001) and OS (14.3 vs 22.9 months; p < .001) durations than their GINI<1350 counterparts. Conclusion High pretreatment GINI values are robustly and independently associated with inferior PFS and OS outcomes in selected GBM patients who receive standard Stupp protocol. These findings suggest that if further confirmed, the novel GINI could serve as a valuable biological marker for the prognostic stratification of GBM patients.Öğe The heavy metal pollution level and risk assessment in marine gastropods of sediments of the red sea coast(Taylor and francis ltd., 2024) Hamed, El Sayed A. E.; Uosif, M. A. M.; Khalifa, Moataz M.; Elgendy, Ahmed R.; Abbasi, A.; Awad, Hamdy A.; Ene, Antoaneta; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.The bioaccumulation of heavy metals and their distribution in the bivalves Conomurex fasciatus and sediments samples were investigated in Safaga (the Red Sea) by means of an atomic absorption spectrometer. The findings reveal that the bivalves had a significant propensity to absorb metals like Fe, Cu, Zn, and Pb. When the weight of soft tissues was compared to the overall weight of the bivalves and trace metal concentration, it was discovered that the essential metals Mn and Cu and the trace metals Zn and Ni were bioaccumulated in the mollusks as a function of their body weight. Contamination with these metals was quantified using the contamination factor (Cf), enrichment factor (Ef) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo). The weathering process of surrounding beaches, paint, oil, sewage, and transportation are considered the primary causes of anthropogenic pollution with heavy metals. Heavy metals from human and terrestrial sources can infiltrate the marine ecosystem.Öğe The effects of microsurgical varicocelectomy performed for infertility on premature ejaculation(Springer science and business media b.v., 2024) Kızılkan, Yalçın; Duran, Mesut Berkan; Kayra, Mehmet Vehbi; Şahin, Bahadır; Yavuz, AbdulmecitPurpose To investigate the effects of varicocelectomy on premature ejaculation (PE) in patients with varicocele and infertility. Methods A total of 82 sexually active patients aged 18 years or over who had undergone microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy with a clinical diagnosis of varicocele in 14 urology clinics between October 2021 and March 2023 with primary infertility were evaluated prospectively Patients were evaluated using the Turkish validated form of the 'Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool' (PEDT) scale. A PEDT score of 11 or above was taken to indicate the presence of PE. Turkish validated forms of PEDT and International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5) were completed in all patients pre-operatively and at 3 and 6 months post-operatively. Intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) and serum testosterone measurements were also recorded. Results Left varicocelectomy was performed in 70.7% and bilateral varicocelectomy in 29.3% of the participants. A significant difference was found between pre- and post-operative PEDT scores (x 2 (2) = 130.1, p < 0.001). A significant difference was observed between pre- and post-operative IELT time (x 2 (2) = 143.2, p < 0.001). IIEF-5 scores differed before and after surgery (x 2 (2) = 59.5, p < 0.001). A difference was found between the testosterone levels measured before and after surgery (x 2 (2) = 40.9, p < 0.001). No statistically significant difference was observed between the third- and sixth-month testosterone values (p = 0.183). Testosterone levels (p = 0.001) and IELT scores (p < 0.001) were significantly higher, while PEDT scores (p < 0.001) were significantly lower in the bilateral varicocelectomy group at the sixth post-operative month. Conclusion In light of our findings, it is recommended that infertile patients with varicocele be informed of the positive effects of varicocelectomy on PE.Öğe The effect of ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block on postoperative opioid consumption and respiratory recovery in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a randomized controlled study(Springer, 2024) Karaveli, Arzu; Kaplan, Serdar; Kavaklı, Ali Sait; Koşar, Mehmet Nuri; Mayir, BurhanBackground The aim of this prospective, randomized, controlled study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound (US)-guided bilateral erector spinae plane (ESP) block on postoperative opioid consumption and respiratory recovery in patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Methods The study was conducted on 40 patients scheduled for LSG. The patients were randomly allocated into either the ESP block group or the control group. The US-guided bilateral ESP block was performed preoperatively. The control group received no intervention. Results Postoperative median [IQR] tramadol consumption was significantly lower in the ESP block group [150.0 [100-200] mg vs 450.0 [400-500] mg, p < 0.0001]. Postoperative spirometric variables were significantly impaired in both groups, compared with preoperative variables (p < 0.0001). Intraoperative median [IQR] fentanyl consumption was 200.0 [200-200] mu g in the ESP block group, and 350.0 [300-400] mu g in the control group (p < 0.0001). Postoperative mean pain scores at rest and during movement were significantly lower in the ESP block group, at all time points (p < 0.05). In terms of mean arterial PH, Horowitz ratio, and PaCO2, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p > 0.05). None of the patients experienced postoperative respiratory adverse events and/or block-related complications. Conclusions US-guided bilateral ESP block significantly reduced both intraoperative and postoperative analgesic consumptions and provided effective postoperative pain control for patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. Following bariatric surgery, all patients' postoperative pulmonary functions deteriorated. The effect of US-guided bilateral ESP block on postoperative respiratory recovery could not be clearly demonstrated. Randomized controlled studies with a larger patient population are necessary.Öğe The connection between anemia and limitations in daily activities among older males: the critical role of dynapenia(Springer science and business media deutschland GmbH, 2024) Karışmaz, Abdulkadir; Soysal, Pınar; Eren, Rafet; Serin, İstemi; Aslan, Ceyda; Rahmati, Masoud; Yon, Dong Keon; Smith, LeeAim The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between anemia and basic and instrumental activities of daily living in older male patients. Methods A total of 223 older males attending one geriatric outpatient clinic were included in this cross-sectional study. Anemia was defined as a hemoglobin level below 13 g/dL. Patients' demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and comprehensive geriatric assessment parameters were also recorded. Handgrip strength of < 27 kg for males was accepted as dynapenia. Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaires were used to evaluate functional capacity. Results The mean age (standard deviation) of the participants was 80.17 (7.69) years. The prevalence of patients with anemia was 43.9%. There was differences between anemic and non-anemic groups in terms of presence of diabetes mellitus (DM), congestive heart failure (CHF), chronic kidney disease (CKD), malnutrition, dynapenia, geriatric depression, BADL and IADL scores (all p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for all confounding variables except for dynapenia, patients with anemia were associated with reduced BADL and IADL (all p < 0.05). After adjusting for all confounding variables including dynapenia, deterioration in total BADL and IADL scores did not remain significant in the anemic group compared to the non-anemic group (p > 0.05). Conclusion Close to one in two older outpatient men had anemia. Anemic men had a higher incidence of DM, CHF, CKD, malnutrition, geriatric depression and dynapenia. Anemia was associated with dependence in both BADL and IADL in older men. However, comorbidities, nutritional status, depressive mood and, specifically muscle strength, were important contributors to this association.Öğe The combustion of lemon peel oil/gasoline blends in spark ignition engine with high-insulation piston crown coating(Nature research, 2024) Saravanan C.G.; Varuvel, Edwin Geo; Vikneswaran M.; Bai, Femilda Josephin Joseph Shobana; Chinnathambi, Arunachalam; Pugazhendhi, Arivalagan; Allasi, Haiter LeninThis study explored the recovery of oil from lemon peel biomass and then tested it in a spark ignition as a substitute for gasoline. The study adopted the micro-arc oxidation coating technique, intending to improve the engine performance of the lemon peel oil-gasoline blends. The oil was recovered from discarded lemon peel biomass using steam distillation and then tested in the engine as a fuel by blending it with gasoline at volume ratios of 10, 20, and 30%. An endoscopic visualization approach was employed in this research work to assess the combustion initiation and flame characteristics of gasoline and lemon peel oil blends under different test conditions. Compared to gasoline and blends comprising 20 and 30% lemon peel oil, the 10% lemon peel oil mix produced higher thermal efficiency and lower emissions. The optical analysis demonstrated that premixed combustion with the 10% blend was found to be the highest, resulting in improved combustion and subsequently increased cylinder pressure. To improve the engine performance of the lemon peel oil blends with higher substitution (20 and 30%), the piston was coated with a ceramic coating. A novel technique, namely the micro-arc oxidation technique, was utilized for the coating. The coated piston engine fueled with a 20% lemon peel oil blend showed a 3% and 4.69% increase in thermal efficiency compared to the uncoated piston fueled with a 20% blend and sole gasoline, respectively. The hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions of the engine with a coated piston fueled by the 20% lemon peel oil blend were reduced by 12.7% and 12%, respectively, as compared to gasoline operation in the engine with an uncoated piston.Öğe Search for non-resonant Higgs boson pair production in final states with leptons, taus, and photons in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector(Springer science and business media deutschland GmbH, 2024) Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Beddall, Andrew John; Çetin, Serkant Ali; Çelebi, Emre; Şimşek, Sinem; Uysal, ZekeriyaA search is presented for non-resonant Higgs boson pair production, targeting the bbZZ, 4V (V = W or Z), VVττ, 4τ, γγVV and γγττ decay channels. Events are categorised based on the multiplicity of light charged leptons (electrons or muons), hadronically decaying tau leptons, and photons. The search is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector during Run 2 of the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. No evidence of the signal is found and the observed (expected) upper limit on the cross-section for non-resonant Higgs boson pair production is determined to be 17 (11) times the Standard Model predicted cross-section at 95% confidence level under the background-only hypothesis. The observed (expected) constraints on the HHH coupling modifier, κλ, are determined to be −6.2 < κλ< 11.6 (−4.5 < κλ< 9.6) at 95% confidence level, assuming the Standard Model for the expected limits and that new physics would only affect κλ.Öğe Investigation of Cable Line Heat Mode Parameters in Power Supply Systems(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Valtchev, Stanimir; Miceli, Rosario; Gracheva, Elena Ivanovna; Petrov, Almaz Radikovich; Tsitson, Ivan Ivanovich; Çolak, İlhamiThe paper develops regression models of dependences of the estimated service life of cable line insulation on the load factor in various operating conditions. The study of thermal modes using approximation functions of the obtained results is carried out. The temperature parameters of the cable line with different types of insulation have been obtained. The results can be used to clarify the temperature modes of cable lines when selecting their cross-sections at the stage of design of electrical engineering systems. © 2024 IEEE.Öğe Laparoscopic Totally Extraperitoneal Inguinal Hernia Repair under Combined Spinal Epidural Anesthesia Versus General Anesthesia(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2024) Dönmez, Turgut; Tülübaş, Evrim Kucur; Bostancı, İpekBackground: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most frequently used elective surgical operations in the world. General anesthesia (GA) has risks and routine postoperative complications, such as nausea, vomiting, throat irritation, and postoperative pain. Regional anesthesia (RA) has many advantages over GA, such as faster recovery, less postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting, and less hemodynamic compromise. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of combined spinal and epidural anesthesia (CSEA) in preventing shoulder pain in patients undergoing totally extraperitoneal herniorrhaphy (TEP). Materials and Methods: The files of patients who had undergone the TEP method under GA and CSEA due to inguinal hernia between April 2020 and November 2021 at the Bakirköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. Results: A total of 81 patients were included in the study. The number of patients operated on GA (group 1) was 40, and the number of patients operated under CSEA (group 2) was 41. There was no significant difference in the demographic characteristics of the patients. The surgical time was 42.9 and 42.5 minutes in groups 1 and 2, respectively (P=0.970). The mean operative time was recorded as 60.1 and 80.2 minutes in groups 1 and 2, respectively, and it was statistically significantly shorter in group 1 (P<0.001). A peritoneal tear was seen in 18 patients (43.90%) in the GA group and 16 patients (40%) in the CSEA group, but no significant difference was found between the groups (P=0.823). Mild shoulder pain that did not require intervention was observed in 1 patient (2.5%) in the CSEA group. In group 2, the VAS scores at all times and the need for postoperative analgesia were statistically significantly lower (P<0.001). In terms of anesthesia complications, headache was not observed in group 1, while it was seen in 6 (15%) patients in group 2 (P=0.012) Conclusions: In laparoscopic TEP surgeries, CSEA may be an alternative anesthesia method to GA anesthesia due to the low VAS score, less need for analgesia, and fewer postoperative pulmonary complications. © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Terahertz-Band Integrated Sensing and Communications: Challenges and Opportunities(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Elbir, Ahmet Mete; Mishra, Kumar Vijay; Chatzinotas, Symeon; Bennis, MehdiThe sixth generation (6G) wireless networks aim to achieve ultra-high data transmission rates, very low latency, and enhanced energy-efficiency. To this end, terahertz (THz) band is one of the key enablers of 6G to meet such requirements. The THz-band systems are also quickly emerging as high-resolution sensing devices because of their ultra-wide bandwidth and very narrow beamwidth. As a means to efficiently utilize spectrum and thereby save cost and power, THz integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) paradigm envisages a single integrated hardware platform with a common signaling mechanism. However, ISAC at THz-band entails several design challenges, such as beam split, range-dependent bandwidth, near-field beamforming, and distinct channel model. This article examines the technologies that have the potential to bring forth ISAC and THz transmission together. In particular, it provides an overview of antenna and array design, hybrid beamforming, integration with reflecting surfaces, and data-driven techniques, such as machine learning. These systems also provide research opportunities in developing novel methodologies for channel estimation, near-field beam split, waveform design, and beam misalignment. © 1986-2012 IEEE.Öğe Learning theory(Elsevier, 2024) Pour Haji Kazem, Ali AsgharThis chapter addresses fundamental aspects of learning theory, its ethical implications in model development and deployment, its integration with decision-making processes, and future directions. The introduction highlights learning theory's role in bridging data and informed choices, while ethical considerations underscore the need to address bias, transparency, and societal impact. The interplay between learning theory and decision-making is explored, enabling systems to navigate uncertainty. Looking ahead, the evolution of learning theory is expected to encompass explainable AI, neuroscience influences, ethical considerations, and integration with emerging technologies, promising transformative advancements across various domains. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Laparoscopic Versus Conventional Open Congenital Duodenal Obstruction Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis(W.B. Saunders, 2025) Azizoğlu, Mustafa; Kamçı, Tahsin Onat; Klyuev, Sergey; Escolino, Maria; Karakaş, Esra; Gigena, Cecilia; Yüksel, Seçil; Bakır, Ayten Ceren; Okur, Mehmet Hanifi; Shehata, SamehBackground: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of laparoscopic surgery (LS) compared to open surgery (OS) for congenital duodenal obstruction (CDO). Methods: We conducted a literature review to find studies comparing LS and OS in neonates with CDO. A meta-analysis was conducted to systematically compile and compare factors, including surgical duration, time of feeding initiation, hospital length of stay (LOS), and postoperative complications. Results: Eleven studies with 1615 patients (LS: 338, OS: 1277) met inclusion criteria. Operative time was observed to be much shorter in the OS group (I2 = 97%); weighted mean difference (WMD) 60.29; 95% confidence interval (CI): 30.29 to 90.28; p < 0.0001). The LS group had a significantly shorter time to initiate feeding (I2 = 0%; WMD -3.38, 95% CI: −4.35 to −2.41; p < 0.00001), shorter time to full feeding (I2 = 0%; WMD -3.64, 95% CI: −5.06 to −2.22; p < 0.00001), and shorter LOS (I2 = 52%; WMD -3.42, 95% CI: −5.75 to −1.08; p = 0.004). There were no significantly differences in the rates of anastomotic leak (I2 = 24%; OR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.12 to 4.67; p = 0.76), anastomotic stricture (I2 = 0%; OR 1.12, 95% CI: 0.39 to 3.20; p = 0.83), postoperative ileus (I2 = 0%; OR 0.60, 95% CI: 0.21 to 1.74; p = 0.34), and overall complications between the groups (I2 = 59%; OR 0.86, 95% CI: 0.42 to 1.74; p = 0.68). The LS group, however, had a significantly decreased frequency of wound infection (I2 = 0%; OR 0.26, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.82; p = 0.02). Conclusion: Despite certain limitations in our analysis, the laparoscopic approach was associated with comparable postoperative outcomes. Levels of Evidence: 2a. Type of the Study: Meta analysis. © 2024 Elsevier Inc.Öğe Managing the Energy flow of a Self-Sustaining Multisource System through intelligent Management Techniques utilizing Artificial Intelligence(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2024) Serir, Chafiaa; Rekioua, Djamila; Bensmail, Samia; Belkaid, Abdelhakim; Çolak, İlhami; Belhoul, Talit; Mokrani, ZahraThis paper proposes an efficient strategy for energy control in the isolated micro grid, comprising photovoltaic and wind power systems with battery storage systems. This strategy presents smart energy management (SEM) based on artificial intelligence techniques (AIT) such as the fuzzy logic controller (FLC). The SEM is designed to manage energy flows throughout the isolated micro grid, by extracting the maximum available energy during deviating constraints such as temperature, solar irradiance and wind speed, while maintaining energy quality and autonomy to meet charging requirements and ensure precise control of the battery's state of charge (SOC) over five states (Very High: SOCV.H, High: SOCH, Medium: SOCM, Low SOCL and Very Low SOCV.L) during charge and discharge. This is a significant improvement over traditional management systems that rely on two SOC states, namely SOCmin and SOCmax. Response behaviors are described and visualized in MATLAB Simulink. © 2024 IEEE.Öğe Search for the leptonic decays D∗+ →e+νe and D∗+ →μ+νμ(American physical society, 2024) Ablikim, M.; Achasov, M.N.; Adlarson, P.; Çetin, Serkant Ali; Kolcu, Onur BuğraWe present the first search for the leptonic decays D∗+→e+νe and D∗+→μ+νμ by analyzing a data sample of electron-positron collisions recorded with the BESIII detector at center-of-mass energies between 4.178 and 4.226 GeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 6.32 fb-1. No significant signal is observed. The upper limits on the branching fractions for D∗+→e+νe and D∗+→μ+νμ are set to be 1.1×10-5 and 4.3×10-6 at 90% confidence level, respectively. © 2024 authors. Published by the American Physical Society. Published by the American Physical Society under the terms of the "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license. Further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the published article's title, journal citation, and DOI. Funded by SCOAP3.Öğe Search for singly produced vectorlike top partners in multilepton final states with Formula Presented of Formula Presented collision data at Formula Presented with the ATLAS detector(American physical society, 2024) Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abeling, K.; Beddall, Andrew John; Çetin, Serkant Ali; Öztürk, Sertaç; Şimşek, SinemA search for the single production of a vectorlike top partner (Formula Presented) with mass greater than 1 TeV decaying into a Formula Presented boson and a top quark is presented, using the full Run 2 dataset corresponding to Formula Presented of Formula Presented collisions at Formula Presented, collected in 2015-2018 with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The targeted final state is characterized by the presence of a pair of electrons or muons with opposite-sign charges which form a Formula Presented-boson candidate, as well as by the presence of Formula Presented-tagged jets and forward jets. Events with exactly two or at least three leptons are categorized into two independently optimized analysis channels. No significant excess above the background expectation is observed and the results from the two channels are statistically combined to set exclusion limits at 95% confidence level on the masses and couplings of Formula Presented. The results are interpreted in several benchmark scenarios to set limits on the mass and universal coupling strength (Formula Presented) of the vectorlike quark. For singlet Formula Presented quarks, Formula Presented values between 0.22 and 0.64 are excluded for masses between 1000 and 1975 GeV. For Formula Presented quarks in the doublet scenario, where the production cross section is much lower, Formula Presented values between 0.54 and 0.88 are excluded for masses between 1000 and 1425 GeV.Öğe Effective test-data generation using the modified black widow optimization algorithm(Springer, 2024) Arasteh, Bahman; Ghaffari, Ali; Khadir, Milad; Torkamanian-Afshar, Mahsa; Pirahesh, SajadSoftware testing is one of the software development activities and is used to identify and remove software bugs. Most small-sized projects may be manually tested to find and fix any bugs. In large and real-world software products, manual testing is thought to be a time and money-consuming process. Finding a minimal subset of input data in the shortest amount of time (as test data) to obtain the maximal branch coverage is an NP-complete problem in the field. Different heuristic-based methods have been used to generate test data. In this paper, for addressing and solving the test data generation problem, the black widow optimization algorithm has been used. The branch coverage criterion was used as the fitness function to optimize the generated data. The obtained experimental results on the standard benchmarks show that the proposed method generates more effective test data than the simulated annealing, genetic algorithm, ant colony optimization, particle swarm optimization, and artificial bee colony algorithms. According to the results, with 99.98% average coverage, 99.96% success rate, and 9.36 required iteration, the method was able to outperform the other methods.Öğe Search for short- and long-lived axion-like particles in H→aa→4γ decays with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC(Springer nature, 2024) Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Abeling, K.; Beddall, Andrew John; Çetin, Serkant Ali; Öztürk, Sertaç; Şimşek, SinemPresented is the search for anomalous Higgs boson decays into two axion-like particles (ALPs) using the full Run 2 data set of 140fb-1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV recorded by the ATLAS experiment. The ALPs are assumed to decay into two photons, providing sensitivity to recently proposed models that could explain the (g-2)μ discrepancy. This analysis covers an ALP mass range from 100 to 62GeV and ALP-photon couplings in the range 10-7TeV-1Öğe Search for pair-production of vector-like quarks in lepton+jets final states containing at least one b-tagged jet using the Run 2 data from the ATLAS experiment(Elsevier, 2024) Aad, G.; Abbott, B.; Beddall, Andrew John; Çetin, Serkant Ali; Öztürk, Sertaç; Şimşek, Sinem; Uysal, ZekeriyaA search is presented for the pair-production of heavy vector-like quarks in the lepton+jets final state using 140 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions at s=13 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector. The search is optimised for vector-like top-quarks (T) that decay into a W boson and a b-quark, with one W boson decaying leptonically and the other hadronically. Other vector-like quark flavours and decay modes are also considered. Events are selected with one high transverse-momentum electron or muon, large missing transverse momentum, a large-radius jet identified as a W boson, and multiple small-radius jets, at least one of which is b-tagged. Vector-like T-quarks with 100% branching ratio to Wb are excluded at 95% CL for masses below 1700 GeV. These limits are also applied to vector-like Y-quarks, which decay exclusively into a W boson and a b-quark. Isospin singlets with B(T→Wb:Ht:Zt)=1/2:1/4:1/4 are excluded for masses below 1360 GeV.Öğe Investigating the association between nutrient intake and food insecurity among children and adolescents in palestine using machine learning techniques(MDPI, 2024) Qasrawi, Radwan; Sgahir, Sabri; Nemer, Maysaa; Halaikah, Mousa; Badrasawi, Manal; Amro, Malak; Vicuna Polo, Stephanny; Abu Al-Halawa, Diala; Mujahed, Doa’a; Nasreddine, Lara; Elmadfa, Ibrahim; Atari, SihamFood insecurity is a public health concern that affects children worldwide, yet it represents a particular burden for low- and middle-income countries. This study aims to utilize machine learning to identify the associations between food insecurity and nutrient intake among children aged 5 to 18 years. The study's sample encompassed 1040 participants selected from a 2022 food insecurity household conducted in the West Bank, Palestine. The results indicated that food insecurity was significantly associated with dietary nutrient intake and sociodemographic factors, such as age, gender, income, and location. Indeed, 18.2% of the children were found to be food-insecure. A significant correlation was evidenced between inadequate consumption of various nutrients below the recommended dietary allowance and food insecurity. Specifically, insufficient protein, vitamin C, fiber, vitamin B12, vitamin B5, vitamin A, vitamin B1, manganese, and copper intake were found to have the highest rates of food insecurity. In addition, children residing in refugee camps experienced significantly higher rates of food insecurity. The findings emphasize the multilayered nature of food insecurity and its impact on children, emphasizing the need for personalized interventions addressing nutrient deficiencies and socioeconomic factors to improve children's health and well-being.
