Tueredi, SibelCelik, HakimDagli, Seyda NurTaskin, SeyhanSeker, UgurDeniz, Mustafa2024-05-192024-05-1920241467-30371467-3045https://doi.org10.3390/cimb46030128https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12713/5019The purpose of this study was to reveal the combined effects of propolis (P) and quercetin (Q) against diabetic peripheral neuropathy developing with streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats. Sixty-four adult male rats were divided into eight equal groups: control, P (100 mg/kg/day), Q (100 mg/kg/day), P + Q (100 mg/day for both), diabetes mellitus (DM) (single-dose 60 mg/kg streptozotocin), DM + P, DM + Q, and DM + P + Q. The rats were sacrificed, and blood and sciatic nerve tissues were collected. Blood glucose and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels increased, while IL-6 and total antioxidant status decreased in the DM group (p = 0.016 and p = 0.047, respectively). Ultrastructural findings showed degeneration of the axon and myelin sheath. The apoptotic index (AI %), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta immunopositivity increased significantly in the DM group (p < 0.001). Morphological structures approaching those of the controls were observed in the DM + P, DM + Q, and DM + P + Q groups. Morphometric measurements increased markedly in all treatment groups (p < 0.001), while blood glucose and MDA levels, AI (%), TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta immunopositivity decreased. In conclusion, the combined effects of propolis and quercetin in diabetic neuropathy may provide optimal morphological protection with neuroprotective effects by reducing hyperglycemia, and these may represent a key alternative supplement in regenerative medicine.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessDiabetic Peripheral NeuropathyPropolisQuercetinRegenerative MedicineTem MicroscopeRatArticle4631955197438534744WOS:0011919508000012-s2.0-85188682757N/A10.3390/cimb46030128Q2