Soltanifar, M.Sharafi, H.Hosseinzadeh Lotfi, F.Pedrycz, W.Allahviranloo, T.2024-05-192024-05-1920232198-4182https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30403-3_2https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12713/4455Efficiency is a management concept that has a long history in management science. Efficiency shows that an organization has used its resources in a good way in order to produce the best performance at a point in time. One of the appropriate and efficient tools in the field of efficiency measurement and evaluation is Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which is used as a non-parametric method to calculate the efficiency of decision-making units. In fact, DEA is based on a series of optimizations using linear programming, which is used to evaluate the efficiency of Decision-Making Units (DMUs) that have multiple inputs and multiple outputs. This method is based on an optimistic policy that can evaluate DMUs in the best conditions. In this chapter, the basic methods and basic principles of DEA are discussed. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessBook Chapter47111292-s2.0-8515995240210.1007/978-3-031-30403-3_2Q4