Sonthalia, A.Varuvel, E.G.Subramanian, T.Kumar, N.2024-05-192024-05-1920241618-954Xhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-024-02849-4https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12713/4489This study examines the combustion properties of pine oil (PO), which is classified as a low viscosity, low cetane (LVLC) fuel. It highlights the superior performance of pine oil in comparison to diesel fuel, but acknowledges that its low cetane index causes a delay in combustion initiation, which consequently results in elevated NOx emissions. Fuel atomization, evaporation, and air/fuel mixing are enhanced by the reduced viscosity and boiling point of PO in comparison to diesel. Nevertheless, the low cetane index of PO restricts its applicability as a diesel fuel substitute in CI engines. Due to significant heat release after an extended ignition delay, NOx emissions tend to rise with less viscous and low cetane (LVLC) fuels. A range of cetane improvers, such as diethyl ether (DEE), benzyl alcohol (Bn), diglyme (DGE), and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), have demonstrated effectiveness in mitigating nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions upon introduction into pine oil. All the cetane improvers were added 5% and 10% by volume with pine oil. A twin-cylinder tractor engine operating at a constant speed of 1500 revolutions per minute was utilized in this testing. In order to achieve a warm-up condition that would enable the smooth operation of PO, the engine was initially operated on diesel fuel. At maximum load condition, NOx emission of PO was higher by 8% in comparison to diesel. NOx emission was significantly reduced with addition of cetane improvers. Maximum reduction of 7% was observed with PO + MTBE 10% in comparison to PO which is in par with diesel. An increase in HC and CO emission was observed with all cetane improver addition with PO. Graphical abstract: (Figure presented.). © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessCombustionDiesel EnginesEmission ControlEthersFuel AdditivesNitrogen OxidesViscosityC.I. EngineCetane İndexCı EngineClassifiedsCombustion PropertyEmission ReductionLow ViscosityMethyl Tert Butyl EtherNitrogen Oxide EmissionsPerformanceDiesel FuelsArticle2-s2.0-8519199601310.1007/s10098-024-02849-4Q1