Evaluation of histopathologic results of testicular tumors in Antalya: multi center study

Abstract

Objective: Testicular tumors constitute 1% of all malignancies in men. Being a relatively uncommon tumor, there are few descriptive studies in the literature. The aim of this study is to retrospectively investigate the histopathological results of testicular tumors in our region. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive multicenter study, we evaluated the histopathologic results of 124 patients who underwent radical or partial orchiectomy with a diagnosis of testicular tumor between 2011 and 2019 in the region of Antalya, Turkey. All specimens were examined by the pathologists in a single center. Data pertaining to patient age, type of operation, histopathological tumor type, tumor size, and pathological stage of the primary tumor (pT) were analyzed. Results: The mean age of the 124 patients included in the study was 35.14 +/- 15.3 (2-80) years. Most (98.4%) of the analyzed specimens were radical orchiectomy materials, while only 1.6% were partial orchiectomy materials. Mean tumor size was 4.01 +/- 2.29 (0.5-11) cm. Tumor size was <= 2 cm in 29 (23.4%) specimens and >= 2 cm in 95 (76.6%) specimens. In terms of histopathology, 76.8% were germ cell tumors, 6.4% were gender cord-stromal tumors, 4.8% were ductal canal and rete testis tumors, and 12% were secondary tumors of the testis. Pathological stage of the pT was pT1 in 46%, pT2 in 39%, and pT3 in 15% of the patients. Conclusion: Although patient age and histopathological distribution of testicular tumors were generally consistent with the literature, the average tumor size in the orchiectomy materials was notably large. Initiatives are required to increase public awareness of the importance of early detection. In addition, our findings suggest that urologists feel hesitant to practice testis-sparing surgery despite recommendations in international guidelines.