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    The distribution of radiotoxic 137Cs concentrations in seaweed and mussel species in the Mediterranean Sea
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Abbasi, Akbar; Almousa, Nouf; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.
    A study was conducted to determine the 137Cs activity concentrations in various seaweed and mussel samples from the North East Mediterranean Sea, including the brown algae (Dictyota dichotoma) and oarweed (Laminaria digitata), and mussel species (Haliotis asinina, Mytilus edulis and Mytilus galloprovinciali). The 137Cs activity con-centration in seaweed species exhibited varying levels, ranging from 84.20 +/- 1.82 to 236.05 +/- 5.72 mBq kg-1 fresh weight (fw) for oarweed, and 106.29 +/- 2.26 to 252.38 +/- 6.04 mBq kg -1 fw for brown algae. The 137Cs value in mussel species were between 12.94 +/- 0.51-101.84 +/- 1.35 mBq kg -1 fw for M. galloprovincialis, 15.49 +/- 0.58-71.52 +/- 1.16 mBq kg-1 fw for M. edulis, and 10.36 +/- 0.11-69.13 +/- 1.34 mBq kg -1 fw for H. asinine. When comparing the 137Cs concentration in seaweed and mussel species, the average concentration in seaweeds was approximately four times higher than that in mussels. This significant difference in radioisotope concentration highlights the potential for higher bioaccumulation of 137Cs in seaweeds compared to mussels.
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    The effect of face masks on the filtration rate of Radon (222Rn) gas and its progeny in breathing air
    (Springer, 2023) Abbasi, Akbar; Tulucu, Fadime; Almousa, Nouf; Mirekhtiary, Fatemeh; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.
    The blocking effect of Rn-222 gas and its progeny by various face masks has been determined using a measurement system with a parallel AlphaGUARD detector. The theoretical approach of diffusion rate for different particle sizes was calculated. The filtering effect of the different masks followed the order N99 > surgical > N95 > double cloth > double cellulose > cloth > cellulose masks, respectively. Overall the blocking effect percentage ranged between 7.65 and 22.66%. The study indicated that the effect of a mask with high quality in filtering the gas of Rn-222 and its decay products is more than the double-layer masks.
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    Radiotoxic fission products and radiological effects in the Mediterranean Sea biota from a hypothetical accident in Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Abbasi, Akbar; Zakaly, Hesham M. H.; Almousa, Nouf
    A combined hydrodynamic/radiobiological model was used to calculate the distribution and dose rate of significant radionuclides in the Mediterranean Sea marine organisms in the event of an accident at the Akkuyu Nuclear Power Plant (ANPP). The Hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT) model was applied to simulate the dispersion and deposition of artificial radionuclide concentrations. Environmental Risk from Ionising Contaminants: Assessment and Management (ERICA) tools were utilized to assess issues related to sea health and potential hazards in case of an accident. The scenario source term profile was derived from the Fukushima nuclear power accident. Volumetric concentrations and deposition levels of pollutants increased from 1 MBqm- 3 to 1 x 103 MBqm- 3 and from 1 x 10-1 MBqm- 2 to 1 x 10-7 MBqm- 2 after 48 h. In terms of dose rates to the various marine biotas, polychaete worms had the greatest overall dose rate and the highest contribution to total dose rates attributable to 137Cs radionuclide.