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    IL-10, IL-13, IL-17 and CXCL8, CXCL10: Their relationship with the development and prognosis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes
    (Bayrakol Medical Publisher, 2023) Ebrahimzadeh, Mina; Pehlivanoglu, Cemil; Ozgur, Burcin Aydin; Kucuksezer, Umut Can; Degirmencioglu, Sevgin; Tekin, Sakin; Cakmak, Ramazan
    Aim: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic high blood sugar disorder that can be classified into two groups: type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The equilibrium between cytokines and chemokines is important for the development and prognosis of the disease. This study aimed to examine the contribution of pro-inflammatory (IL-17, CXCL8, CXCL10) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-13) factors to the development and prognosis of T1D and T2D. Material and Methods: Cytokine and chemokine levels were evaluated in serum samples of patients with T1D and T2D, and healthy controls. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the history of the disease, as 1-5 years and 5-10 years. HbA1C levels were assessed by HPLC. Concentrations of IL-17, CXCL-8, CXCL-10 and IL-10, IL-13 were analyzed using LUMINEX.Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in the HbA1c levels of all patients versus controls. CXCL8 was increased in patients with T1D compared with the controls. There was a significant difference in IL-13 levels between patients with T1D or T2D over five years and controls. For IL-10 and CXCL-10, there was a significant difference between T1D for more than 5 years and T1D for 5 years or less.Discussion: Cytokines and chemokines are belonging to the immune system, but it is now known that they may also affect non-immune mechanisms. As a result, it is advantageous to take these factors almost equally into account in the diagnosis and treatment of T1D and T2D.
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    Individualized High Dose Intravenous Anakinra Treatment in Cancer Patients with COVID-19 Associated Cytokine Storm: A Retrospective Controlled Study
    (Doc Design Informatics Co Ltd, 2024) Cakmak, Ramazan; Bektas, Murat
    Objective: Patients with COVID-19 accompanying cancer have been reported to have higher morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the high -dose high intravenous anakinra treatment response and outcome in patients with COVID-19-associated cytokine storm accompanying cancer. Methods: This retrospective observational study was carried out at a tertiary referral center between September 01, 2021, and February 01, 2022, in Turkey. The study population consisted of two groups: patients receiving high -dose intravenous anakinra and patients treated with standard care. Results: Data from 146 patients in the anakinra group and 114 patients in the control group were analyzed. Malignancy frequency was 11% (n=16) in the anakinra group and 7% (n=8) in the control group. In survival analysis, a significantly lower survival rate was observed in patients with malignancy than those without in the control group (log -rank: p=0.002) and patients with malignancy in the control group compared to the anakinra group (log -rank: p=0.013). However, it did not differ between patients with and without malignancy in the anakinra group (log -rank: p=0.9). Conclusion: In the control group, mortality was higher in patients with malignancy compared to those without malignancy, but not in the anakinra group. Also, mortality was higher in patients receiving SoC compared to anakinra. Intravenous high -dose anakinra treatment is safe and effective in patients with COVID-19 accompanying cancer.