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    Serum adipokine levels in patients with sarcoidosis
    (Springer London Ltd, 2020) Kobak, Şenol; Semiz, Hüseyin; Akyıldız, Mühittin; Gökduman, Ayşe; Atabay, Tennur; Vural, Hüseyin
    Background Sarcoidosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by non-caseating granuloma which etiology is unknown yet. Adipokines are different proteins synthesized by adipose tissue that have an influence on angiogenesis, hemostasis, lipid metabolism, and immune system regulation. Adipokines may play a role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. Objectives To evaluate the serum adipokine levels in patients with sarcoidosis and to determine a possible correlation with clinical and laboratory signs of disease. Methods Forty-four biopsy-proven sarcoidosis patients followed at a single center and age- and sex-matched 41 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, laboratory, and radiological data were recorded and body mass index (BMI) was calculated in all patients. Routine laboratory tests (blood glucose, liver, and kidney function test) were measured. Serum adiponectin and leptin levels were measured by ELISA method. Results Among 44sarcoidosis patients, 13 (29.5%) were male and 31 (70.5%) were female. Twenty-one (47.7%) patients had erythema nodosum, three (6.8%) had uveitis, 40 (90.9%) had arthralgia, 32 (72.7%) had arthritis, 15 (34.1%) had enthesitis. Laboratory evaluation showed increased serum ACE level in 24 (54.5%) patients, increased serum calcium level in 11 (25%) patients, increased serum D3 level in 5 (11.4%) patients, and increased ESR and CRP levels in 22 (50%) and 23 (52.3%) patients, respectively. Compared with the control group, serum adiponectin levels were significantly higher in patients with sarcoidosis(p = 0.007). Serum adiponectin level was associated with arthralgia and ankle joint swelling (p = 0.007, p = 0.006 respectively). Serum leptin levels were similar in sarcoidosis patients and controls (p = 0.327). There was no relationship between serum leptin level and disease features (p > 0.05). Conclusions In this study, high serum adiponectin level was detected in patients with sarcoidosis while serum leptin level was similar in the sarcoidosis and control group. Adiponectin, an anti-inflammatory protein, may play a role in the pathogenesis of sarcoidosis. Studies are needed to shed light on this topic.
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    Serum galectin-3 and TGF-beta levels in patients with sarcoidosis
    (2020) Kobak, Şenol; Akyıldız, Muhittin; Gökduman, Ayşe; Atabay, Tennur; Vural, Hüseyin
    Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that develops with non-caseified granuloma formation. Galectin-3 is a multifunctional protein operating in biological processes such as fibrosis, angiogenesis, and immune activation. Purpose: This study evaluates the levels of serum galectin-3 and TGF-beta in sarcoidosis patients to determine a possible correlation with clinical findings. Material and method: Forty-four biopsy-proven sarcoidosis patients followed in a single centre and 41 age and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included in the study. The levels of serum galectin-3 and TGF-beta were evaluated by ELISA method. Results: Among the 44 sarcoidosis patients, 13(29.5%) were male and 31(70.5%) were female. The average patient age was 47.4 and the average disease duration was 3.2 years. The level of serum galectin-3 was found to be the same as in the control group and had no significance statistically (p=.977). No correlation was determined between the level of serum galectin-3 and clinical and laboratory findings of sarcoidosis (p>.05). The level of serum TGF-beta was found to be higher in the sarcoidosis patients when compared to that of the control group (p=.005). While a correlation was found between serum TGF-beta and enthesitis, sacroiliitis, and arthralgia (p=.006, p=.034, p=.02), no correlation was determined on the other clinical and laboratory findings (p>.05). Conclusion: While the level of serum galectin-3 was determined to be normal in sarcoidosis patients, a high level of serum TGF-beta was found. These findings show that TGF-beta may play an important role in sarcoidosis pathogenesis and the formation of granuloma.
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    Serum galectin-3 and TGF-beta levels in patients with sarcoidosis
    (Elsevier, 2021) Kobak, Şenol; Akyıldız, Muhittin; Gökduman, Ayşe; Atabay, Tennur; Vural, Hüseyin
    Introduction: Sarcoidosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that develops with non-caseified granu-loma formation. Galectin-3 is a multifunctional protein operating in biological processes such as fibrosis,angiogenesis, and immune activation.Purpose: This study evaluates the levels of serum galectin-3 and TGF-beta in sarcoidosis patients todetermine a possible correlation with clinical findings.Material and method: Forty-four biopsy-proven sarcoidosis patients followed in a single centre and 41age and sex-matched healthy volunteers were included in the study. The levels of serum galectin-3 andTGF-beta were evaluated by ELISA method.Results: Among the 44 sarcoidosis patients, 13(29.5%) were male and 31(70.5%) were female. The averagepatient age was 47.4 and the average disease duration was 3.2 years. The level of serum galectin-3 wasfound to be the same as in the control group and had no significance statistically (p = .977). No correlationwas determined between the level of serum galectin-3 and clinical and laboratory findings of sarcoidosis(p > .05). The level of serum TGF-beta was found to be higher in the sarcoidosis patients when compared tothat of the control group (p = .005). While a correlation was found between serum TGF-beta and enthesitis,sacroiliitis, and arthralgia (p = .006, p = .034, p = .02), no correlation was determined on the other clinicaland laboratory findings (p > .05).Conclusion: While the level of serum galectin-3 was determined to be normal in sarcoidosis patients, ahigh level of serum TGF-beta was found. These findings show that TGF-beta may play an important rolein sarcoidosis pathogenesis and the formation of granuloma.© 2020 Elsevier Espa ?na, S.L.U. and Sociedad Espa ?nola de Reumatolog ?ıa y Colegio Mexicano deReumatolog ?ıa. All rights reserved
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    Serum salusin-? and salusin-? levels in patients with psoriatic arthritis
    (NIH NLM, 2022) Kobak, Şenol; Atabay, Tennur; Akyıldız, Muhittin; Gökduman, Ayşe; Vural, Hüseyin
    Introduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by skin lesions and joint involvement. Salusin-? and salusin-? are two new bioactive molecules. It is reported that salusins may have role in regulation of the immune system and inflammation. The aim of our study was to evaluate the serum salusin-? and salusin-? levels in PsA patients and to establish the possible relationship with the disease features. Material and methods: Our study included 40 PsA patients who fulfilled the CASPAR criteria and 40 healthy volunteers. Demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data and disease activity indices (PASI, BASDAI, BASFI, HAQ) were recorded in all patients. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to measure serum salusin-? and salusin-? levels. Results: The demographic data were as follows: 13 patients (32.5%) were males and 27 (67.5%) were female, mean age was 48.5 years and mean disease duration was 2.4 years. Patients' history was taken and clinical assessment was performed; 20 (50%) patients had a family history, 18 (45%) patients were smoker, 19 (47.5%) patients had HLA-B27 positivity, 33 (82.5%) had sacroiliitis, 36 (90%) had enthesitis, 23 (57.5%) had distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint and nail involvement, 26 (65%) had wrist involvement, and 11 (27.5%) had ankle involvement. Laboratory data of the patients were recorded; 20 (50%) patients had elevated CRP level and 25 (62.5%) patients had an elevated ESR level. The study results showed that PsA patients had an elevated serum salusin-? level when compared with the control group (p = 0.004). The association between serum salusin-? level and ankle arthritis was found (p = 0.04). Serum levels of salusin-? were similar in PsA patients and controls both (p = 0.285). Conclusions: We found elevated serum salusin-? in PsA patients while the serum salusin-? levels were normal. Salusin-? may have a possible role in disease pathogenesis and it may be use as a reliable biomarker in PsA patients. Multicenter prospective studies are needed in this regard.