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    Effects of intrathecai verapamil on cerebral vasospasm in experimental rat study
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2019) Akkaya, Enes; Evran, Sevket; Calis, Fatih; Çevik, Serdar; Hanimoglu, Hakan; Seyithanoglu, Mehmet Hakan; Katar, Salim; Karatas, Ersin; Kocyigit, Abdurrahim; Saglam, Mustafa Yasin; Hatiboglu, Mustafa Aziz; Kaynar, Mehmet Yasar
    BACKGROUND: Verapamil a calcinarn channel blacker, has shown promising results on cerebral vasospasm. However, it has not yet been accepted for treatment or prevention purposes because of the associated side effects, Although the effective results of nimodipine and nicardipine's intrathecal administration are well known, intrathecal verapamil has not been considered earlier. We used an experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage induced vasospasm model for the evaluation of vasodilator and neuroprotective effects of intrathecal verapamil, METHODS: A total of 24 Sprague-Davvley rats were randomly divided into the following 3 groups: group 1 (sham), group 2 (subarachnoid hemorrhage), and group 3 {verapamil). A double hemorrhage method was used. Group 2 did not receive any treatment. Verapamil (Eporon, Hem Ilac, Turkey) at a dose of 1000 mu g/kg was given intrathecally to group 3 rats. The animals were euthanized on day 7 of the procedure. Arterial wall thickness and lumen diameter in the basilar arterial cross-sectional areas, endothelin-1 serum level, oxidative stress index, and apoptosis were measured in all groups. RESULTS: In the verapamil group, wall thickness, endothelin-1 level, oxidative stress index, and apoptosis were found to be significantly lower than the subarachnoid hemorrhage group, but the lumen diameter was found to be greater, Intrathecal verapamil was found to decrease vasospasm parameters and apoptosis and increase the antioxidant and antiapoptotic pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that intrathecal verapamil can prevent vasospasnt oxidative stress, and apoptosis after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage.
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    Tension pneumocephalus after endoscopic paranasal sinus surgery
    (Aves Press Ltd, 2017) Çevik, Serdar; Yuksel, Ulas; Hanimoglu, Hakan
    Tension pneumocephalus (TP) which produces increased intracranial pressure and leads to neurological deterioration is a rare but life-threatening complication. A 59-year-old male patient who had undergone endoscopic sinus surgery was admitted to the emergency room with severe headache, nausea, and vomiting. Cranial computed tomography revealed pneumocephalus. Endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia was performed again, and a dural tear at the crista galli was identified and repaired using an autograft and fibrin glue. In same session, burr-hole drainage was also performed. He recovered after few days and was discharged. Therefore, following endoscopic sinus surgery, surgeons should be aware of the development of pneumocephalus, a rare but life-threatening complication.