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Öğe Application of microfluidic paper-based analytical device (mu PAD) to detect COVID-19 in energy deprived countries(WILEY, 2021) Chowdury, Mosfera A.; Khalid, FarrukhCoronavirus disease (COVID-19) has spread all across the world. Low- and medium-income countries are more affected economically and socially compared to developed countries due to the lack of a rapid, robust, and affordable testing infrastructure. Furthermore, the high cost of real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system, sophisticated user-handling procedure, and high expense of the conventional clinical tests are the root causes of the less accessibility of the testing systems to the users. In this study, a COVID-19 Point-of-Care (POC) ecosystem model is proposed for the low- and medium-income countries (or energy deprived countries) that will facilitate the technological development with locally available fabrication components. In addition, the nontechnological development phases have also been discussed, which encompasses the collaboration among academia, local as well as government bodies, and entrepreneurial ventures. In addition, a hypothetical design of a microfluidic paper-based analytical (mu PADs) POC platform is proposed to detect COVID-19 analyte using unprocessed patient-derived saliva, which is a miniaturized form-factor of conventional real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The device contains four major reaction zones, which are sample zone, buffer zone, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) Master Mix zone, Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) zone, and sensor zone. To obtain quicker test results and easier operation, a handheld image acquisition technique is introduced in this study. It is hypothesized that in a remote setting, the proposed design could be used as an initial guideline to develop a POC COVID-19 testing system, which may be simple, easy-to-use, and cost-effective.Öğe Assessment of hydrogen as a potential energy storage for urban areas’ PV-assisted energy systems – Case study(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) El-Emam, R.S.; Ezzat, M.F.; Khalid, FarrukhThe world is experiencing unprecedented development in the clean energy sector in residential and industrial applications. This paper provides a case study assessing different scenarios of greenizing the electrical energy demand in El-Mostakbal city in Egypt. Three scenarios are studied with consideration of a photovoltaic (PV) system integrated with the grid-connected city with different integrated system configurations. The scenarios for the grid-connected city are scenario-I: only PV, scenario-II: PV with batteries for electricity storage along with grid electricity, and scenario-III: PV with hydrogen production, storage, and utilization for covering the electric demand along with grid electricity, these scenarios are assessed technoeconomically, and the results show an optimized case where the electricity demand of the city can be met with 64.3% produced from solar energy, at $71.7 M of the net present cost. © 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCÖğe Feasibility study of a new solar based trigeneration system for fresh water, cooling, and electricity production(WILEY, 2021) Khalid, Faizan; Kumar, Rajesh; Khalid, FarrukhThe utilization of solar energy to generate electricity, cooling, and freshwater in remote areas in a sustainable way still poses lots of challenges to researchers. The aim of the current study is to design a new solar-operated trigeneration system to produce electricity, cooling, and fresh water using parabolic trough collectors in remote areas. Electric power is generated by using Organic Rankine Cycle, and cooling and fresh water (using freezing desalination technique) are obtained by two-stage NH3-H2O vapor absorption system run by solar energy. Simulation results show that for PTC arrays of 200 m(2), an electrical output obtained is 3.3 kW, cooling rate is 20.4 kW, and mass flow rate of freshwater produced is 36 kg/h for an average solar irradiation of 0.7 kW/m(2). Furthermore, sensitivity analysis is conducted by varying the parameter like solar irradiation, evaporator temperature, seawater inlet temperature, etc. and their effect on performance characteristics of the overall setup is investigated.Öğe Multi-criteria analysis for screening of reversible metal hydrides in hydrogen gas storage and high pressure delivery applications(Elsevier, 2022) Bhattacharyya, R.; El-Emam, R.S.; Khalid, FarrukhMetals and alloys forming reversible hydrides with hydrogen gas are potential building blocks for compact, solid state hydrogen storage systems. Based on the materials’ thermodynamic characteristics, their use as temperature-swing gas compression and delivery systems in the hydrogen economy is also possible. Given the wide variety of materials developed and tested at laboratory and pilot scales, a harmonized method of selecting the feasible material(s) for a particular real-life application is required. This study proposes a system selection framework based on a normalized, multi-criteria metric. Using calculated values of multi-criteria metric, multi-criteria screening and ranking of potential materials has been demonstrated for a particular use case. It is found that the alloy TiMn1.52 having value of additive metric between 0.25 and 0.35 represents the best material for a single stage system. The alloy pair CaNi5–Ti1.5CrMn represents the best alternative for a two-stage system with additive metric values between 0.63 and 0.82. Energy and economic characteristics of the metal hydride gas compression and delivery systems are evaluated and compared with an equivalent mechanical compression system producing the same final effect (i.e., delivery of a given quantity of gas at a defined pressure). © 2021 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLCÖğe Rapid assessment of integrated nuclear cogeneration projects using multi-criteria indices(WILEY, 2021) Bhattacharyya, Rupsha; Khalid, FarrukhNuclear power plants provide clean, carbon free, stable, reliable electricity and can offer nonelectric products and services via cogeneration operations to multiple sectors. This contributes to decarbonization of the current energy and industrial systems, supports climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts and ensures sustainable development over the long term, according to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) framework and the provisions of the Conference of Parties 21 (COP21) Paris Agreement, 2015. This work surveys the potential role of nuclear cogeneration projects in meeting these objectives based on the current technological landscape. It focuses on nuclear assisted desalination for freshwater production and electrolytic hydrogen production as the use cases and suggests an assessment framework for their holistic evaluation. New integrated metrics and multi-criteria performance indicators beyond the levelized cost of production are developed to quantify the likely multi-dimensional impacts of such projects. The use of these for screening alternatives illustrates the fact that depending on weightage given to different criteria, different technologies may appear to be better suited to deployment under given set of conditions. These metrics are expected to be useful for creation of a decision support system for deployment of nuclear cogeneration projects.Öğe Special issue on ‘hydrogen energy and fuel cells’(Elsevier Ltd, 2021) Biçer, Yusuf; Khalid, Farrukh[No Abstract Available]
