Yazar "Vikneswaran, M." seçeneğine göre listele
Listeleniyor 1 - 8 / 8
Sayfa Başına Sonuç
Sıralama seçenekleri
Öğe Combustion analysis of higher order alcohols blended gasoline in a spark ignition engine using endoscopic visualization technique(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Vikneswaran, M.; Saravanan, C.G.; Sasikala, J.; Ramesh, P.; Varuvel, Edwin GeoThe experimental study was carried out on the port fuel injection system installed spark-ignition engine fuelled by 1.5%, 3%, and 5% higher order alcohol such as 1-hexanol and 2-heptanol blended gasoline. In this study, the endoscopic combustion visualization technique was employed to compare and analyze the changes observed in the spatial flame characteristics between the alcohol blends and sole gasoline. The Correlated Colour Temperature (CCT) method was used to predict the flame temperature distribution from the captured flame images. Also, the effect of blending alcohols on engine combustion, performance, and emission characteristics was studied. The endoscopic results revealed that the flame spread region with respect to different CA positions increases with the alcohol blending ratio in the sole gasoline at the early and middle stages of the combustion. Further, the engine characteristics study revealed that 5% hexanol and heptanol blends gave a brake thermal efficiency of 25.8% and 25.7%, respectively, which were higher than sole gasoline, having 24.8% at full load. In addition, it was observed that the early start of combustion (SoC) and a faster burn rate associated with alcohol blends raise the cylinder pressure and heat release rates (HRRs) and thereby result in higher peak pressure and HRR with slight advancement in the CA position. At 8 kW, the CO and HC emission of 5% 1-hexanol and 2-heptanol blends was decreased by about 10.3% and 13.7%, and 9.5% and 8%, respectively, and NO emission decreased slightly with a rise in alcohol concentration in the mix when compared to gasoline. © 2022 Elsevier LtdÖğe Evaluation of wheat germ oil biofuel in diesel engine with hydrogen, bioethanol dual fuel and fuel ionization strategies(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Nibin, Mohammed; Varuvel, Edwin Geo; Josephin, J. S. Femilda; Vikneswaran, M.The work has been done with the objective of overcoming the sustainability and environmental degradation pertaining to the increasing consumption of diesel fuel. This can be done by replacing it with vegetable oils because they are renewable and eco-friendly. In this regard, initially, this study investigated the performance of a single-cylinder diesel engine fuelled by neat wheat germ oil (WTGO). The results proved that the performance of WTGO was way inferior to that of sole diesel due to its very high viscosity nature. The BTE given by WTGO at full load was 2.1% lesser than diesel. Apart from NOx and CO2, other emissions like CO, smoke, and HC were higher for WTGO in comparison to diesel. To improve the performance and emission of WTGO, various fuel modification methods were employed with it, and the results of those methods were compared with neat diesel and WTGO. The methods adopted in this study are: i) Trans-esterified WTGO (biodiesel), ii) Fuel ionization using a magnetic field (Permanent and electrical type), iii) Dual fuel mode: WTGO operated in combination with ethanol and hydrogen. Among these, dual fuel operation of WTGO and hydrogen resulted in maximum brake thermal efficiency, followed by dual fuel operation with ethanol (30% energy share), fuel ionization (both types), and WTGO biodiesel. The WTGO, with a 15% hydrogen energy share, showed the highest BTE of 29.8%, which was higher than neat diesel (28.7%) and WTGO (26.6%). The same method reduced the HC and CO emissions by 39.3% and 40.5%, respectively, when compared to neat WTGO. All methods decreased the smoke emission, and the lowest was recorded by WTGO biodiesel, which was lesser by 21.7% and 6.1% compared to WTGO and diesel, respectively. The peak heat release rate and pressure were higher for all fuel modifications as compared to neat WTGO, but only WTGO and 15% hydrogen energy share of dual fuel operation exhibited higher peak values than diesel. The neat WTGO experienced the most delayed start of combustion, and it was improved with the implication of the above methods. The operation of WTGO in dual fuel mode resulted in the least delay for the start of combustion but was not equivalent to neat diesel. Finally, it is recommended that using hydrogen in dual fuel mode is the best way to achieve maximum performance with WTGO as a fuel for diesel engines without any major modifications to the engine.Öğe Exhaust emission control of SI engines using ZSM-5 zeolite supported bimetals as a catalyst synthesized from coal fly ash(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2023) Rajakrishnamoorthy, P.; Saravanan, C. G.; Natarajan, Ramesh; Karthikeyan, D.; Sasikala, J.; Josephin, J. S. Femilda; Vikneswaran, M.This paper synthesizes ZSM-5 zeolite from coal fly ash and uses it as a catalyst for reduction of NOx emissions in gasoline powered engine. It suggests a mono and bimetallic doped zeolite coated in honeycomb structure cordierite monolith for effectively reducing the NOx emissions. The synthesized ZSM-5 zeolite was subjected to SEM, XRF and XRD analysis and compared with commercial ZSM-5 zeolite. The experimental study of measuring emissions using AVL DI-gas analyzer on a Tata nano twin-cylinder spark ignition engine clearly indicated that inhouse made bimetallic of Ce.Cu-ZSM5 and Ce.Fe-ZSM5 were able to reduce the NOx by 69 % and 75 % at 16 kW. The NOx reductions were much better than those of the commercial catalytic converters.Öğe Experimental investigation and performance prediction of gasoline engine operating parameters fueled with diisopropyl ether-gasoline blends: Response surface methodology based optimization(Elsevier Ltd., 2022) Sathyanarayanan, Seetharaman; Suresh, Sivan; Saravanan, C. G; Vikneswaran, M.; Dhamodaran, Gopinath; Sonthalia, Ankit; Joseph Shobana Bai, Femilda Josephin; Varuvel, Edwin GeoIn this research, gasoline engine performance and emission characteristics were studied when powered by diisopropyl ether-gasoline blends. The main objective of this study is to determine the behavior of diisopropyl ether-gasoline blends at various engine speeds and compression ratios. Further, the engine parameters were optimized using the response surface methodology. Enriched oxygen, higher latent heat of vaporization, and the readily volatile nature of the fuel enhanced the brake thermal efficiency and lowered the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide due to a better combustion rate. The developed model exhibited superior R2 values with a 0.957 desirability factor. The optimum parameters such as speed, compression ratio, and fuel-blend concentrations were found at 2250 rpm, 10:1, and D25 (75% gasoline and 25% diisopropyl ether), respectively. The responses for the optimal input parameters were brake thermal efficiency (31.53%), specific fuel consumption (0.2923 kg/kWh), carbon monoxide (0.14% by Vol.), hydrocarbons (31 ppm), and oxides of nitrogen (708 ppm). The predicted values for optimum engine parameters were validated with the experimental data, and their percentage of absolute error was found to be less than 5%. Thus, the study concludes that diisopropyl-ether gasoline blends can be used as an alternative fuel to enhance the brake thermal efficiency and reduce the pollution level, and the proposed numerical model can predict the responses with high accuracy.Öğe Experimental investigations on in-cylinder flame and emission characteristics of butanol-gasoline blends in SI engine using combustion endoscopic system(Elsevier, 2024) Kumaravel, S.; Saravanan, C. G.; Raman, Vallinayagam; Vikneswaran, M.; Sasikala, J.; Josephin, J. S. Femilda; Alharbi, Sulaiman AliThe objective of this study is to characterize the in-cylinder flames of butanol-gasoline blends in a spark ignition (SI) engine. The experiments were performed using butanol-gasoline blends prepared in the ratio of 10:90, 20:80, and 30:70 by volume. The in-cylinder combustion was visualized and captured using a combustion endoscopic system. From the captured combustion images, spatial flame distribution was evaluated for butanol-gasoline fuel blends. Furthermore, combustion, emission, and performance characteristics were investigated in a SI engine for the same blends. The engine test results were rationalized from the flame characterization results of butanol-gasoline combustion to improve the fundamental understanding. The experimental outcome is that the flame spread region (%) was found to be higher for butanol blends when compared to sole gasoline fuel. The addition of butanol to gasoline increased the flame speed and consequently increased the combustion burn rate, as well as the pressure and heat release rate within the cylinder. The brake thermal efficiency of the engine increased with increasing butanol concentration in the blend. In addition, the butanol-gasoline blends showed decreased CO and HC emissions when compared to gasoline but reportedly increased NO emission for butanol-blended gasoline blend fuels. Overall, this study concludes that butanol has the potential to be used as a supplement to gasoline due to improved flame and engine characteristics and can be used in the conventional gasoline engine without any major engine modification.Öğe An experimental study of the effects of fuel injection pressure on the characteristics of a diesel engine fueled by the third generation Azolla biodiesel(Elsevier, 2022) Thiruvenkatachari S.; Saravanan, C. G.; Raman, Vallinayagam; Vikneswaran, M.; Femilda Josephin, J. S.; Varuvel, Edwin GeoThis study focuses on effectively utilizing the biodiesel extracted from Azolla (third-generation biofuel), which is regarded as a renewable energy source, for fueling diesel engines. Biodiesel is unique due to its increased viscosity and different fatty acid composition, which proved difficult to attain better engine performance with a mechanical type injection system. This study expands on the previous investigation in modifying the fuel system when using Azolla biodiesel by using a common rail fuel injection system with wider injection flexibility. Considering the lack of more engine optimization studies for Azolla biodiesel, a parametric study is conducted by changing the fuel injection pressure in the range between 300 bar and 900 bar for diesel engine fueled by B20 (20% Azolla +80% diesel) blend. The experimental engine study revealed that the physical properties of the fuel adversely affect the in-cylinder combustion, which leads to poor engine performance and higher emissions at lower injection pressure (300 bar) for B20 when compared to diesel. As the injection pressure increases, the fuel atomization and other spray characteristics are enhanced and thereby improve the combustion. The Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) for B20 at 900 bar injection pressure is 3% higher than the diesel fuel at 300 bar injection pressure under full load conditions. The HC, CO, and smoke emission in the engine exhaust for B20 at 900 bar injection pressure was reduced by 13.3%, 28.5%, and 12.3%, respectively, when compared to diesel. Overall, this study recommends the operation of Azolla biodiesel blend in diesel at 900 bar fuel injection pressure to attain improved engine characteristics.Öğe A study on the feasibility of bergamot peel oil-gasoline blends for spark-ignition engines(Elsevier, 2022) Vikneswaran, M.; Saravanan, C.G.; Manickam, M.; Sasikala, J.; Joseph Shobana Bai, Femilda Josephin; Pugazhendhi, A.; Varuvel, E.G.In this research, an ample attempt was made to make use of oil extracted from bergamot fruit peel, which can be regarded as a renewable energy source. A systematic experimental approach was adopted to evaluate the feasibility of bergamot peel oil (BGT) as a substitute for gasoline fuel in spark-ignition (SI) engine applications. The oil derived from the rinds of the bergamot fruit was blended in gasoline on a volume basis in the ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60 and experimentally tested in a multi-point fuel injection (MPFI) installed SI engine. The fuel properties of the BGT and its blends were tested. Endoscopic visualization technique was used to analyze the spatial flame distribution on a crank angle basis for the gasoline and bergamot blends. Also, the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of bergamot-gasoline blends were evaluated, and the results were compared with sole gasoline at various engine brake powers. The endoscopic results revealed that bergamot-gasoline blends exhibited higher flame spread than sole gasoline. The performance study revealed that the brake thermal efficiency and specific fuel consumption exhibited by bergamot-gasoline blends were almost equivalent to that of sole gasoline. The mean in-cylinder pressure was marginally higher, and peak pressure crank angle degree was slightly advanced for bergamot-gasoline blends in comparison to that of gasoline fuel. With an increasing concentration of BGT in the blend, the hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emission decreased at the expense of nitrogen oxides (NOx). Furthermore, BGT exhibits a research octane number (RON) of 80 and a calorific value comparable to that of gasoline, making it a potential candidate for SI engines. From the outcome of this study, it can be concluded that BGT could be a promising alternate biofuel for the partial replacement of gasoline in SI engines. © 2022 Elsevier LtdÖğe Ternary gasoline – pomegranate peel oil (PPO)- tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) blend as an enabler to improve the spark-ignited engine performance and emissions(Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Nandakumar, C.; Saravanan, C. G.; Vallinayagam, Raman; Vikneswaran, M.; Jayaraman, Sasikala; Joseph Shobana Bai, Femilda Josephin; Varuvel, Edwin GeoThis paper reported a research work that investigated the compatibility of using pomegranate peel oil (PPO) as a substitute for gasoline in a spark-ignition engine. Initially, fuel characterization was performed for the PPO biofuel, and a blend was prepared by blending PPO in gasoline at a ratio of 10:90 by volume. Then, fuel properties were measured for the gasoline, PPO, and its blend. Subsequently, engine experiments were conducted for the blend at different load conditions with constant speed, and the performance, combustion, and emission results of the blend were compared with that of sole gasoline. By analyzing the results, it was found that the brake thermal efficiency of the 10% PPO blended gasoline was reduced by 1.2%, 0.6%, and 1%, at low load, mid load, and full load, respectively, when compared to sole gasoline. Whereas the HC and CO emission of the blend was higher by about 11.7% and 8.3%, respectively, at full load, when compared to that of gasoline. With an intent to improve the performance of the PPO blend, tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) was blended with the 10% PPO blended gasoline in the volumetric proportion of 5%, 10%, and 15% to form ternary blends. The experimental study revealed that the performance of the PPO blend was enhanced significantly with increasing TBA proportion in the blend. The PPO blend with 15% TBA exhibited the highest BTE of 25.1%, which was 1.6% higher than gasoline at full load. The same blend resulted in the HC and CO emissions that were 9.2% and 9.6% lesser than gasoline, respectively, whereas NO emission was 7.6% higher than gasoline, at full load condition. The combustion analysis revealed that the start of combustion was delayed, with peak pressure and heat release rate being the maximum for ternary blends. From this investigation, it can be concluded that the sole gasoline can be replaced by the ternary blend as fuel for SI engine operation without requiring any major engine modification.
