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Öğe (Artificial) neural networks(Elsevier, 2024) Tareq, Wadhah Zeyad TareqBuying a new or used car is one of the challenges faced by people in most parts of the world. A car's price can be affected by many factors such as economic and political crises. With the high demand for cars and the different crises across the world, predicting car prices has become impossible and incompetent. This study aims to find the overall amount that customers can offer to purchase a car. The suggested model uses artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict customer budgets based on different features. Moreover, this chapter provides a guideline for the authors and researchers to understand ANN's basic concepts and ideas to be used later in different areas. The suggested model was trained using 500 samples of customers from different countries, with different ages and different annual salaries. The proposed model obtains the highest accuracy of 95%. © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Reinforcement learning and trustworthy autonomy(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Luo J.; Green S.; Feghali P.; Legrady G.; Koç, Çetin KayaCyber-Physical Systems (CPS) possess physical and software interdependence and are typically designed by teams of mechanical, electrical, and software engineers. The interdisciplinary nature of CPS makes them difficult to design with safety guarantees. When autonomy is incorporated, design complexity and, especially, the difficulty of providing safety assurances are increased. Visionbased reinforcement learning is an increasingly popular family of machine learning algorithms that may be used to provide autonomy for CPS. Understanding how visual stimuli trigger various actions is critical for trustworthy autonomy. In this chapter we introduce reinforcement learning in the context of Microsoft's AirSim drone simulator. Specifically, we guide the reader through the necessary steps for creating a drone simulation environment suitable for experimenting with visionbased reinforcement learning. We also explore how existing vision-oriented deep learning analysis methods may be applied toward safety verification in vision-based reinforcement learning applications. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018.Öğe Mathematical optimizations for deep learning(Springer International Publishing, 2018) Green, Sam; Vineyard, Craig M.; Koç, Çetin KayaDeep neural networks are often computationally expensive, during both the training stage and inference stage. Training is always expensive, because back-propagation requires high-precision floating-pointmultiplication and addition. However, various mathematical optimizations may be employed to reduce the computational cost of inference. Optimized inference is important for reducing power consumption and latency and for increasing throughput. This chapter introduces the central approaches for optimizing deep neural network inference: pruning "unnecessary" weights, quantizing weights and inputs, sharing weights between layer units, compressing weights before transferring from main memory, distilling large high-performance models into smaller models, and decomposing convolutional filters to reduce multiply and accumulate operations. In this chapter, using a unified notation, we provide a mathematical and algorithmic description of the aforementioned deep neural network inference optimization methods. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018.
