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Öğe ARCHIVES OF THE TURKISH SOCIETY OF CARDIOLOGY(Kare Publ, 2022) Agca, Fahriye Vatansever; Guler, Gamze Babur; Gursoy, Mustafa Ozan; Ozden, Ozge; Andac, Ertan; Altin, Mert Pehlivan; Can, Irem Dilara[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Thermoreversible Gel Formulation for the Intranasal Delivery of Salmon Calcitonin and Comparison Studies of In Vivo Bioavailability(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Alparslan, Abdullah Levent; Turkyilmaz, Guelbeyaz Yildiz; Kozaci, Leyla Didem; Karasulu, ErcuementObjectives: We developed original thermoreversible (sol-gel) formulations of salmon calcitonin (sCT) for nasal applications. The sol-gel has been compared with commercial intranasal sprays in vitro and in vivo studies. The aim of studying sol-gel form is to arrange the viscosity of formulations for a reversible adequate fluidity at different temperatures. This situation may facilitate the use of drugs as sprays and increase the bioadhesive ability to mucosa. Materials and Methods: Characterization of optimum formulations was studied. Validated analytical assays determined the number of sCT. An approximately equal number of commercial and sol-gel dosages were sprayed into the nostrils of the rabbits. Blood samples were collected from the ear veins of rabbits and determined by enzyme immunoassay plates. These plates were evaluated by Thermo Labsystem Multiscan Spectrum at 450 nm. Thanks to Winnonlin 5.2, pharmacokinetic data were evaluated by a non-compartmental method. Results: The absolute bioavailability of the formulation at pH 4 and the commercial product (CP) was compared by evaluating the primary pharmacokinetic data area under the curve 0 & RARR;tlast. The absolute bioavailability of the commercial intranasal spray was measured 1.88 based on maximum concentration (Cmax) assessment. Cmax of the sol-gel formulation pH 4 was calculated as 0.99 and the relative bioavailability was obtained 53.3%. Conclusion: In vivo pharmacokinetic data of sol-gel formulation with pH 3 showed significantly higher volume of distribution parameter than the CP (111167>35408). It is thought that the formulation adhered to the nasal mucosa releases sCT slowly and less.Öğe Is the Presence of 2 Renal Allograft Arteries Associated with Adverse Outcomes in Live Donor Kidney Transplantation?(Aves, 2023) Eren, Eryigit; Tokac, Mehmet; Uslu, Bora; Sahin, Taylan; Aktokmakyan, Talar Vartanoglu; Dinckan, AyhanObjective: Although it was postulated that renal grafts with multiple arteries could lead to unfavorable recipient outcomes, this subject remains controversial. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of recipients receiving renal allografts with a single artery with those receiving renal grafts with two arteries. Materials and Methods: Adult patients who received live donor kidney transplantation in our center between January 2020 and October 2021 were included. Data including age, gender, body mass index, renal allograft side, pre-kidney transplantation dialysis status, human leukocyte antigen mismatch number, warm ischemia time, the number of renal allograft arteries (single/double), complications, duration of hospitalization, postoperative creatinine levels, glomerular filtration rates, early graft rejection, graft loss, and mortality were collected. Subsequently, patients who received single-artery renal allografts were compared with those who received double-artery renal allografts. Results: Overall, 139 recipients were included. The mean recipient age was 43.73 +/- 13.03 (21-69). While 103 recipients were male, 36 were female. The comparison between the 2 groups revealed that mean ischemia time was significantly longer in the double-artery than in the single-artery group (48.0 vs. 31.2 minutes) (P =.00). In addition, the single-artery group had significantly lower postoperative day 1 and day 30 mean serum creatinine levels. Also, the mean postoperative day 1 glomerular filtration rates were significantly higher in the single-artery group than in the double-artery group. However, the 2 groups were similar concerning the glomerular filtration rates measured at other times. On the other hand, there was no difference between the 2 groups regarding duration of hospitalization, surgical complication, early graft rejection, graft loss, and mortality rates. Conclusion: The presence of 2 renal allograft arteries does not have adverse effects on the postoperative parameters of the kidney transplantation recipients, including graft function, duration of hospitalization, surgical complication, early graft rejection, graft loss, and mortality rates.Öğe Evaluation of Risk Groups for the Prediction of Biochemical Progression in Patients Undergoing Radical Prostatectomy(Galenos Publ House, 2022) Madendere, Serdar; Turkkan, Gorkem; Arda, Ersan; Caloglu, Vuslat Yurut; Kuyumcuoglu, UgurObjective: The aim of this study was to investigate the potential relationship between biochemical progression and prognostic risk factors in patients with prostate cancer (PCa) patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). Materials and Methods: After inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied, 216 patients who underwent RP were included in this study. Follow-up protocol included prostate specific antigen (PSA) measurements; every 3 months for the first year, every 6 months for the second year, and an annual check after 2 years. Preoperative and postoperative PSA measurements, pathological stage, Gleason score (GS), extraprostatic extension, positive surgical margins and seminal vesicle invasion were evaluated. Uni- and multivariable analyses were used to detect the relationship between biochemical progression, biochemical progression-free survival (BPFS) and prognostic risk factors. Results: Median follow-up was 29 months. Biochemical progression was observed in 39 (18.1%) patients, in 18 (9.7%) of 185 patients with first postoperative PSA level of <0.2 ng/dL, and 21 (67.7%) of 31 patients with first postoperative PSA level of >= 0.2 ng/dL. Patients with first postoperative PSA level of >= 0.2 ng/dL had a statistically significant higher risk of biochemical progression and shorter BPFS (odds ratio: 2.41; 95% confidence interval: 1.84-3.10; p<0.001), in univariate and multivariate analyses. Patients with GS =8 or T3-4 or positive surgical margins had a statistically significant higher risk of biochemical progression (p<0.001, p=0.003, p<0.001). Conclusion: Postoperative PSA level higher than >= 0.2 ng/dL was the most important predictor of biochemical progression and BPFS after RP. GS >= 8, T3-4 stages, and positive surgical margins are also related to biochemical progression.Öğe Knowledge and Attitudes of Pregnant Women with and without Children about Fluoride and Herbal Toothpastes(Marmara Univ, Inst Health Sciences, 2023) Celik, Zeynep Ceren; Cubukcu, Cigdem Elbek; Celik, Halil; Ata, Gul DincObjective: Objective: Pregnant women may be vulnerable to dental caries due to their inability to fully implement oral hygiene practices. Toothpastes are main component of oral hygiene and the most important tool for the primary prevention of caries. The study aimed to examine the knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women with children (PC) and without children (PNC) about fluoride and herbal toothpastes.Methods: A self-administered and validated 20-item questionnaire was completed by a total of 219 pregnant participants, 85 PC and 134 PNC. Statistical analyses were performed using the SciPy v1.2.3. program.Results: Most of the PC (57.65%; 69.41%) and PNC (72.39%; 47.76%) participants responded with no idea when asked about fluoride sources and the optimal amount of fluoride added to tap water by local health authorities (p= .006). The majority of the PC (62.4%) and the PNC (47.0%) had no preference for herbal toothpastes during pregnancy (p= .03). In addition, 86.6% of the PNC showed low knowledge about the nonfluoride content of herbal toothpastes (p= .023). While 51.5% of the PNC responded with no idea about a preference for herbal toothpastes for their children, 56.47% of the PC stated that they might not prefer using herbal toothpastes for their children's routine oral hygiene.Conclusion: The findings show that both PC and PNC participants had little knowledge of toothpastes and their contents. Considering that toothpastes are the most common self-applied oral hygiene tools, knowledge and awareness of fluoride and herbal toothpastes should be raised via antenatal programs.Öğe A Real-Life Turkish Experience of Ruxolitinib in Polycythemia Vera(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Serin, Istemi; Dogu, Mehmet Hilmi; Ekinci, Omer; Cagliyan, Gulsum Akgun; Basturk, Abdulkadir; Aras, Merih Reis; Demircioglu, SinanIntroduction: Ruxolitinib is a small -molecule inhibitor of the JAK1/2 pathway. This study aimed to reveal the results and side-effect profile of the use of ruxolitinib as a treatment option in polycythemia vera (PV). Methods: A total of 34 patients with PV from 18 different centers were included in the study. The evaluation of the response under treatment with ruxolitinib was determined as a reduction in spleen volume (splenomegaly size: >= 35%) by imaging and control of hematocrit levels (<= 45%) compared to baseline. Results: While the number of patients in which a reduction in spleen volume and hematocrit control was achieved was 19 (55.9%) at 3 months of treatment, it was 21 (61.8%) at 6 months. Additionally, while the number of side effects was negatively correlated with the reduction in spleen volume (Spearman's rho: -0.365, p=0.034), a decrease in the hematocrit level was positively correlated (Spearman's rho: 0.75, p=0.029). Those without a reduction in spleen volume experienced more constipation (chi-square: 5.988, Fisher's exact test: p=0.033). Conclusion: This study shed light on the use of ruxolitinib in PV and the importance of splenomegaly on studies planned with larger patient groups.Öğe Patient Experience in Community Pharmacies from an Experiential Marketing Perspective: Structural Equation Model(Marmara Univ, 2023) Aklar, Demet Akalgan; Ozcelikay, GulbinThe main objective of this study was to model patient experience (PX) in community pharmacies as experimental marketing parameters via structural equation modeling (SEM). Our findings show that peace of mind, trust, pharmacy, customer engagement, interaction quality with the pharmacist and personnel, and atmosphere or periphery experience quality is the important component for a patient to re-visit the same pharmacy. The patient's journey to the pharmacy starts before entering the pharmacy, continues at the pharmacy, and then leaves the pharmacy. It is important to understand the touchpoint of the patient journey at a community pharmacy and the needs of the patients as well as other health services. Overall, whether it is patient experience or customer experience, both focus on people and understanding their needs as a service sector will add value to service quality. The research was conducted on 414 volunteer patients given informed consent and answered 73 items in Istanbul province. The data obtained from the questionnaire forms were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 package program. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was applied using IBM SPSS AMOS 23 package program in the analysis of trust, pharmacy customer engagement (PCE), word of mouth (WoM), pharmacist interaction quality, personnel interaction quality, periphery experience quality, peace-of-mind (POM), and autobiographical memory parameters. Since the assumption of normality was not provided, the relationships among these items were calculated using Spearman's correlation coefficient. The results were evaluated at the significance level of p <0.05. Finally, a structural equation model was conducted to specify PX items.Öğe A perspective on the scope of videoconferencing-based telemedicine in respiratory diseases outpatient clinic(Turkish Assoc Tuberculosis & Thorax, 2023) Cetin, Nazli; Bostan, Pinar; Altinisik, GokselIntroduction: Telemedicine is rapidly expanding across various fields worldwide. While it finds application in respiratory diseases due to the imperative need for protection against the risk of transmission and the close monitoring of patients with chronic diseases, there is a scarcity of publications detailing telemedicine experiences in respiratory diseases. This study aims to retrospectively evaluate the prospective management of patients with respiratory diseases through videoconference-based telemedicine, intending to establish a foundation for its judicious application in pulmonology cases. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive study, anonymized medical records of all 478 patients assessed via videoconference-based telemedicine over an eight-month period from June 2020 to February 2021 were reviewed. The analysis included demographic characteristics, disease history, attendance methods, the necessity for in-person physical examination after the initial videoconference (VC) session, the inclusion of investigations, pre-diagnosis, diagnosis processes, follow-up period, and outcomes. Follow-up data for all patients included in the study were reviewed at the end of June 2021. Results: Median age of the patients was 55 (44-67), with a male predominance of 55%. Approximately 30% resided in a city other than the one in which the physician offering telemedicine was situated. Seventy-nine (16.7%) individuals received telemedicine via VC sessions without the requirement for any in-person examinations. The most prevalent disease among those who applied for telemedicine was asthma. Median duration of the initial VC session was 13 (8-18) minutes. At least half of the individuals seeking videoconference-based telemedicine for chronic respiratory disorders, such as asthma, COPD, and interstitial lung disease, had previously been followed by either the telemedicine provider or another physician in the same hospital. However, the vast majority of telemedicine applications in disease categories such as COVID, post-COVID, pulmonary nodules, and lung cancer were submitted by first-time applicants. Conclusion: This pioneering study suggests that videoconference-based telemedicine may be an alternative/complementary tool for patients, particularly those with chronic respiratory diseases.Öğe Frost Tolerances of Turkish Olive (Olea europaea L.) Cultivars(Univ Namik Kemal, 2023) Mete, Nurengin; Gulen, Hatice; Cetin, Oznur; Hakan, Mehmet; Guloglu, Ugur; Kaya, Hulya; Ulucay, NurcanThe motherland of the olive is considered as east of the Mediterranean Basin. Turkey is partly located within this basin having a rich source of biodiversity. Olive growing in Turkey is carried out in the Aegean, Marmara, Mediterranean, Southeastern Anatolia and Black Sea Regions. Climatic factors determine the cultivation limits of olive which is not very selective in terms of soil demand. In regions where olives are grown, the Mediterranean climate prevails. Winters are warm and rainy in the region, while summers are hot and dry. On the other hand, severe cold damage in some years can cause significant damage especially in the inner parts of Aegean, Marmara and Black Sea Regions. As a matter of fact, it is known that 31.8% of olive plantations in Turkey are exposed to occasional frost damage. This situation has revealed the necessity of determining the varieties with high frost tolerance and determining the suitable varieties for the regions where cold damage may occur. In the study, 40 registered olive cultivars in Kemalpasa Olive Germplasm Bank in Bornova Olive Research Institute, in Izmir were screened in terms of frost tolerance. To evaluate the frost tolerance (LT50) of cultivars, as estimated by ion leakage (electrical conductivity), leaf samples taken in six different periods over two years were exposed to temperatures at +4 degrees C (control),-2 degrees C,-5 degrees C,-8 degrees C,-11 degrees C,-14 degrees C,-17 degrees C and-20 degrees C. In conclusion; it has been determined that frost tolerance of olive varieties revealed significant variability both genetically and seasonally. Butko, Memeli, Otur, Gemlik, Sinop No 5, Yun celebi, Kara Yaprak, Sati and Sari Ulak were determined as cultivars that were more tolerant of frost. Sinop No 1, Marantelli, Ayvalik, Gorvele, cakir, Samsun Tuzlamalik, Erkence, Saurani, Esek Zeytini (Tekirdag), Kan celebi, Izmir Sofralik, cilli, Samsun Yaglik, Domat, Esek Zeytini (odemis), Sacakli Otur, Sinop No 4, Memecik, Nizip Yaglik, Tekirdag cizmelik and Patos were found to be moderately tolerant cultivars while Edincik, Sinop No 6, cekiste, Mavi, Kiraz, Kilis Yaglik, celebi (Iznik), Trabzon Yaglik, Uslu and Girit olive cultivars were grouped as cultivars having low tolerance to frost. In addition, data showed that cold acclimation in the olive is quite important, and exposure to low temperatures for a certain period of time has significantly increased the frost tolerance. However, this condition was not stable and could rapidly become reversed when temperature reached to the point at which adapdation did not ensure.Öğe Centile charts of cervical length in singleton and twin pregnancies between 16 and 24 weeks of gestation(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Akar, Bertan; Ceylan, Yasin; Kahraman, Alper; Kole, Emre; Caliskan, ErayObjective: The aim of this study was to determine the standard mid-trimester cervical lengths of singleton and twin pregnancies.Material and Methods: This study was conducted by retrospective analysis of mid-trimester transvaginal cervical measurements of women with singleton and twin pregnancies that were examined by a single perinatologist in a single center.Results: A total of 4621 consecutive asymptomatic pregnant women admitting for advanced obstetric ultrasound screening were evaluated. Of these 4340 (93.9%) were second trimester singleton pregnancies and 281 (6.1%) were twin pregnancies and were included. Mean cervical length measurements of singleton and twin pregnancies were 6.5 & PLUSMN;38.2 mm and 7.2 & PLUSMN;37.6 mm respectively (p=0.17). Overall, the 5th percentile of cervical length measurement after analysing singleton and twin pregnancies together was 29.4 mm at 16 weeks, 30 mm at 17 weeks, 30 mm at 18 weeks, 30 mm at 19 weeks, 30 mm at 20 weeks, 30 mm at 21 weeks, 30 mm at 22 weeks, 31 mm at 23 weeks, 29 mm at 24 weeks.Conclusion: In our population the 5th precentile value of cervical length which is 30 mm in singletons and 10th percentile cervical length which is 31 mm in twins can be used to follow-up and treat pregnant women at risk for preterm delivers. (J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2023; 24: 114-9)Öğe Newborn screening for sickle cell anemia in Antalya, Türkiye(Turkish J Pediatrics, 2023) Ozturk, Zeynep; Kupesiz, O. Alphan; Karasu, Gulsun; Uygun, Vedat; Oygur, Nihal; Yesilipek, M. AkifBackground. In a screening study conducted on adults, the prevalence of sickle cell traits in Antalya was found to be 0.24%. Since no screening studies have been conducted in the neonatal period in our region, the exact incidence has not been determined. In this study, we aim to report our experience of neonatal screening for sickle cell disease in Antalya, Turkiye.Methods. During a 14-month period, 2562 heel prick blood samples, taken on filter paper from Akdeniz University Hospital, Antalya Education and Research Hospital and Antalya Ataturk State Hospital and four other healthcare centers, were studied using the high pressure liquid chromatography method. Blood samples were studied using the 'Sickle Cell Short Program' test method on a Bio Rad Variant device.Results. In the study, no patients with sickle cell disease were identified. Four newborns who were sickle cell carriers (0.15%) and two newborns who were Hemoglobin D carriers (0.08 %), were found. Conclusion.Considering the efficiency and cost calculations made as a result of the data obtained from our study, it was concluded that sickle cell screening would not be effective in newborns. It seems more effective and economical to screen the children of parents, who are found to be at risk for Hemoglobin S carriage as a result of premarital tests.Öğe Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 and 2 Mutations in Pediatric Neuroblastoma Patients(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Leventoglu, Emre; Sahin, Gurses; Yesil, Sule; Bozkurt, Ceyhun; Yuksek, Nazmiye; Fettah, Ali; Toprak, SuleObjective: Neuroblastoma is one of the common tumors of childhood. The demonstration of new factors such as isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) and isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) mutations will be important in the diagnosis and treatment. IDH1 and IDH2 mutations have been found in many types of cancer, such as malignant gliomas, acute myeloid leukemias, chondrosarcoma, and thyroid carcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the presence of IDH1 or IDH2 mutations in patients with neuroblastoma and to determine whether these mutations were different in terms of age, clinical findings, and response to treatment.Methods: Biopsy specimens of 25 patients with pediatric neuroblastoma patients were evaluated for IDH mutations. The clinical and laboratory features of the patients with/without mutation were retrospectively analyzed from a hospital database. Results: A total of 25 patients for whom genetic analysis could be performed were included in the study (60% male, n=15). The mean age was 32.2 +/- 25.9 months (3 days-96 months). IDH1 mutation was detected in 8 (32%) and IDH2 mutations in 5 (20%) patients. These mutations showed no statistically significant relationship with age, tumor localization, laboratory results, stage, and prognosis. However, in the case of IDH mutation, patients were diagnosed at the advanced stage.Conclusions: This study demonstrated the relationship between neuroblastoma and IDH mutation for the first time. Because to the fact that the mutation is very heterogeneous, it would be appropriate to conduct a larger series of patients in terms of the impact of the clinical significance of each mutation on the diagnosis and prognosis.Öğe Application of rTMS to the Motor Cortex in a Patient with Startle Reaction: A Case Report(Turkish Neuropsychiatry Assoc-Turk Noropsikiyatri Dernegi, 2023) Iris, Merve Setenay; Demirbag, Bahar Bengi; Bektas, Fulya; Kirbas, DursunStartle reaction is a physiological muscle reaction that occurs to protect against an unexpected, sudden stimulus. In this case, we wanted to discuss the response after the rTMS protocol, which we applied to our patient who had startle reactions that severely impair functionality and who did not meet the PTSD criteria or have a major brain lesion after a traffic accident. A 30-year-old single female patient who works as a stewardess in an airline company with no known history of physical or psychological illness but lost consciousness for about three hours after an in-vehicle traffic accident a week ago was admitted to our clinic. The patient had a history of having difficulty in doing her daily work due to the splashing movements that started in her body. No major brain lesion was detected in imaging studies. She did not meet the criteria for post -traumatic stress disorder and her EEG results were normal. Medication did not help with the symptoms, so, rTMS was planned. After 6 sessions of rTMS, her movements had stopped completely. Our patient, who did not fully meet the criteria for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and whose imaging and EEG results did not reveal any pathological findings had developed severe onset startle reactions after an in-vehicle traffic accident, fully responded to rTMS treatment and improved her functionality quickly and effectively. Thus, we think that rTMS should be investigated as an effective treatment method in such patients.Öğe O/W microemulsion and hydrogel formulation of methotrexate and comparison of releasing studies.(Marmara Univ, 2023) Alparslan, Abdullah Levent; Karasulu, Ercument; Turkyilmaz, Gulbeyaz Yildiz; Uvey, DoganMicroemulsions are ideal carriers for poorly soluble substances. They increase the absorption of drugs with low bioavailability. Methotrexate (MTX), which is used internally in cancer and psoriasis and has many side effects and it is less soluble in water and its passage through the skin is problematic due to its high molecular weight. An O/W microemulsion formulation containing MTX has been developed in order to reduce the side effects of the drug, not to have a first pass effect on the liver, to increase its bioavailability in topical use and to provide ease of use to patients. The releasing profiles of the gel formulation, prepared by reducing the fluidity of these formulations by polymers, were investigated through the nylon membrane. Mostly W/O microemulsion systems are available due to design of preparations but in this study O/W microemulsions and gel forms containing MTX were designed for topical use. Innovation side of trials will inspire in vivo studies and clinical studies that may cause less harm to patients dermatologically and provide optimal effect.Öğe Soloxolone methyl induces apoptosis and oxidative/ER stress in breast cancer cells and target cancer stem cell population(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Erturk, Elif; Akgun, Oguzhan; Yildiz, Yaren; Kalkan, Pinar A. L. P. E. R.; Salomatina, Oksana V.; Salakhutdinov, Nariman F.; Ulukaya, EnginOne of the most prevalent malignancies in women and one of the leading causes of cancer-related death is breast cancer. There is a need for new treatment approaches and drugs for breast cancer. Many studies show the high potential of triterpene compounds and their semisynthetic derivatives as anticancer agents due to their ability to induce apoptosis and suppress tumorigenesis. The effects of soloxolone methyl (SM), a semisynthetic derivative of 18-H-glycyrrhetinic acid, on the cytotoxicity and apoptosis of human breast cancer cell line (T-47D) and cancer stem cell (CSCs) population (mammospheres; CD44+/CD24-antigen) derived from breast cancer cells, were examined in this work. The ATP assay was used to determine SM growth-inhibitory effects. Fluorescent staining, caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18, and flow cytometry analysis were used to determine the mode of the cell death. In addition, cell death was investigated at protein and gene levels by Western Blotting and PCR, respectively. SM resulted in cytotoxicity in a time and dose dependent manner via ROS production and ER stress in T-47D cells in 2 models. The mode of cell death was apoptosis, evidenced by phosphatidylserine exposure, caspase activation, and bax overexpression. In mammospheres as 3D model, SM decreased stem cell properties and induced cell death. Taken together, SM may be a promising agent in the treatment of breast cancer, especially due to its antigrowth activity on CSCs.Öğe COMPOSITION ANALYSIS OF E-LIQUIDS AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HEALTHY LIVER AND PHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA CELL LINES(Trakya Univ Balkan Yerlesesi Enstituler Binasi, 2023) Geyik, Caner; Gumus, Zinar Pinar; Yararbas, GorkemElectronic cigarettes have become popular worldwide in recent years although their effects on human health are still not properly known. The lack of regulations brings a problem of inconsistency between ingredients and the product label. We aimed to analyse the contents of widely used e-liquids and their effects on two different cell lines. Eleven e-liquid samples were selected according to their availability and popularity. Nicotine, propylene glycol (PG), glycerine (GLY), and volatile compounds in e-liquids were analysed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Gas Chromatography (GC). 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay was used to determine the effects of e-liquids on transformed human normal liver epithelial cell line (THLE-2) and human pharyngeal carcinoma cell line (Detroit 562). Nicotine amounts were found to be consistent with product labels. and GLY were not only different between brands but also for products within the same brand. THLE-2 cell viability was inversely correlated with e-liquid concentration. However, decreases in cell viability were not correlated with nicotine amount. Interestingly, effects of several samples on Detroit 562 cells were triphasic; decrease in viability at lower doses, cell survival in mid-concentrations and loss of viability in highest doses. The analytical composition of e-liquids differs greatly among products which corresponds to different cellular effects. Viability of cancer cells does not change in a dose-dependent manner, which suggest that cellular differences may play role in the outcome of these products.Öğe What Would be the Difference Between Operative Treatment of Patients with Tibia Fractures out of Working Hours; Intramedullary Nailing for Tibial Shaft Fractures(Kare Publ, 2023) Saygili, Mehmet Selcuk; Tekin, Ali Cagri; Ergun, Tugrul; Ozkul, Baris; Akbulut, Deniz; Incesoy, Mustafa Alper; Demir, BilalObjectives: Performing orthopedic surgery in and out of working hours may affect the success of the surgery. Timing of surgery in tibial shaft fractures is controversial. In this study, the effect of the timing of surgery on the success and complications of intramedullary nailing of tibial fractures is examined. Methods: Archieves of patients with tibial shaft fractures treated with reamed intramedullary nails between 2010 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Fifty-seven patients were included in the study. Patients were categorized by the time of the surgery. Day time (Group I) is between 7:00 am and 5:00 pm and after hour (Group II) is between 5:00 pm and 07:00 am. Group I (n: 40) and Group II (n: 17) were evaluated. Technical errors, surgery time, and length of hospital stay statistical analysis was performed between the two groups in terms of technical errors, complication rates, length of hospital stay, and duration of surgery. Results: The mean duration of operation (p=0.419), number of distal screws (p=0.847), time to union (p=0.454), experience of the surgeon (p=0.192), and technical error rate (p=0.654) did not differ significantly between two groups. Length of hospital stay and time to surgery from emergency were significantly higher in day time group. Conclusion: Technical errors and surgery time of intramedullary nailing of tibial shaft fractures are not higher at after hour before midnight than day time. Non-urgent tibial shaft fractures might be treated with intramedullary nailing at after hours before midnight for efficient use of hospitals. Operative Treatment of Patients with Tibia Fractures out of Working Hours; Intramedullary Nailing for Tibial Shaft Fractures. Med Bull SisliÖğe Inclusive Approach of Turkiye on Access and Integration of Refugees to Higher Education(Ahmet Yesevi University, 2023) Yildiz, AyselinTurkiye stands at the forefront of countries that have embraced a considerable number of refugees and asylum-seekers, making it a prominent host for displaced populations worldwide. In recent years, Turkiye has developed a novel and inclusive approach designed to facilitate the access of refugees to higher education. This article endeavours to examine Turkiye's policy framework and intricate challenges that arise during its implementation, with a keen focus on how top-down policy interventions interact with institutional bureaucracies and the socio-cultural context. The study postulates that while Turkiye boasts a national inclusive policy, the effectiveness and outcome of its implementation lie within the realm of decentralization. The success or failure of the policy hinges on the institutional capacity, willingness of the higher education institutions to accept refugee students and the sociological dynamics between locals and refugee students. For the policy to genuinely thrive, it necessitates addressing institutional disparities and variances among higher education institutions.Öğe Evaluation of School-age Hearing Screening Applications: The Tele-audiological Perspective(Galenos Publ House, 2023) Ceylan, Ahmet; Kara, Eyyup; Kesimli, Mustafa Caner; Kaya, Deniz; Atas, AhmetObjective: Hearing health is one of the areas that should be considered especially in childhood. School-age hearing screening (SAHS) is important for the detection and prevention of hearing loss. The aim of our study is to compare the use of teleaudiological applications for SAHS with standard SAHS applications and to determine possible similarities or differences between the methods. Methods: The study was carried out with a total of 224 students who were first-year students in the same primary school within the borders of Istanbul. The study was completed in two phases with a test session at 15-day intervals. In the first stage, video-otoscope images of all individuals who would be subjected to standard SAHS were recorded and tympanometry test was performed. In the second stage, SAHS results were recorded with the tele-audiological method. Results: According to the tympanometry results obtained from the participants, it was determined that the rate of abnormal hearing was 4.5%. According to the video-otoscope results, which were evaluated as asynchronous, the number of students suspected of dense earwax plug and membrane pathology was 6.7% in the left ear and 5.8 in the right ear. According to the SAHS method results, the average rate of passing and failing the test in the standard method was 12.9% in the right ear, and 12.9% in the left ear. According to the results of the tele-audiological method of the same student group, the rate of failing the test was 16.1% in the right ear and 15.2 in the left ear. Conclusion: Measuring tele-audiologically or using the standard method did not affect the test results. Accordingly, the test result is independent of whether the test is performed with the tele-audiological or standard method.Öğe The Frequency of Fabry Disease in Patients with Cardiac Hypertrophy of Various Phenotypes Including Prominent Papillary Muscle: The TUCARFAB Study in Turkey(Kare Publ, 2023) Ozpelit, Ebru; Cavusoglu, Yuksel; Yorgun, Hikmet; Okcun, Emir Ozgur Baris; Akilli, Rabia Eker; Celik, Ahmet; Ermis, NecipBackground: The present study aimed to identify the frequency of Fabry disease in patients with cardiac hypertrophy of unknown etiology and to evaluate demographic and clinical characteristics, enzyme activity levels, and genetic mutations at the time of diagnosis.Methods: This national, multicenter, cross-sectional, single-arm, observational registry study was conducted in adult patients with a clinical echocardiographic diagnosis of left ventricular hypertrophy and/or the presence of prominent papillary muscle. In both genders, genetic analysis was performed by DNA Sanger sequence analysis. Results: A total of 406 patients with left ventricular hypertrophy of unknown origin were included. Of the patients, 19.5% had decreased enzyme activity (& LE;2.5 nmol/mL/h). Although genetic analysis revealed GLA (galactosidase alpha) gene mutation in only 2 patients (0.5%), these patients were considered to have probable but not definite Fabry disease due to normal lyso Gb3 levels and gene mutations categorized as variants of unknown significance. Conclusion: The prevalence of Fabry disease varies according to the characteristics of the population screened and the definition of the disease used in these trials. From cardiology perspective, left ventricular hypertrophy is the major reason to consider screening for Fabry disease. Enzyme testing, genetic analysis, substrate analysis, histopathological examination, and family screening should be performed, when necessary, for a definite diagnosis of Fabry disease. The results of this study underline the importance of the comprehensive use of these diagnostic tools to reach a definite diagnosis. The diagnosis and management of Fabry disease should not be based solely on the results of the screening tests.
