Nanofluids as a coolant for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Recent trends, challenges, and future perspectives

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dc.authoridPugazhendhi, Arivalagan/0000-0002-9529-3306
dc.authoridMadheswaran, Dinesh Kumar/0000-0002-8393-4815
dc.authoridVaruvel, Edwin Geo/0000-0002-7303-3984
dc.authoridJoseph Chandran, Arulmozhivarman/0000-0002-5493-2001
dc.authoridThangavelu, Praveenkumar/0000-0002-1977-938X
dc.authorwosidPugazhendhi, Arivalagan/F-5411-2018
dc.authorwosidMadheswaran, Dinesh Kumar/ABG-4924-2021
dc.contributor.authorMadheswaran, Dinesh Kumar
dc.contributor.authorVengatesan, S.
dc.contributor.authorVaruvel, Edwin Geo
dc.contributor.authorPraveenkumar, T.
dc.contributor.authorJegadheeswaran, Selvaraj
dc.contributor.authorPugazhendhi, Arivalagan
dc.contributor.authorArulmozhivarman, J.
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-19T14:39:40Z
dc.date.available2024-05-19T14:39:40Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentİstinye Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractIn this comprehensive review, we critically examine the application of nanofluids as coolants in PEMFCs, explicitly focusing on elucidating their thermal efficiency enhancement mechanisms. In addition to the existing research, the significant areas critically reviewed include the influence of nanoparticle size and concentration, surface modification techniques, characterization methods, nanofluid stability under different conditions, nanofluid behavior in various flow regimes, and the impact of nanofluids on system performance and efficiency. A meticulous analysis of the most recent studies involving single nanofluids (Al2O3, SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, BN) and hybrid nanofluids (CuFeAl, Al2O3:SiO2, Bio glycol+Al2O3:SiO2, TiO2:SiO2) underscores their potential to revolutionize PEMFC cooling systems. Findings reveal that nanofluids exhibit remarkable enhancements in heat transfer, offering a 20-27% reduction in radiator size compared to traditional coolants. The science underpinning this enhancement is multifaceted, characterized by self-deionization phenomena, nanoparticle dispersion stability via Brownian motion, and unprecedented inter-atomic interactions. Notably, nanofluids effectively eliminate particle sedimentation and coagulation, ensuring sustained heat transfer performance over extended operational periods. However, several challenges are observed, such as the limited exploration of electrical conductivity, which occurred because of the correlation between the net-charge influence of the suspended particle and electrical double layer (EDL) behavior. Furthermore, understanding and utilizing smart nanofluids and nanobubbles demand rigorous investigation for optimal cooling strategies. Future research should focus on standardizing nanofluid synthesis and characterization protocols, elucidating the underlying heat transfer mechanisms, addressing cost and scalability issues, and ensuring nanofluids' durability in PEMFCs. The review's timeliness lies in its relevance to the current advancements and challenges in the field, offering valuable insights for researchers and practitioners working in the thermal management of PEMFC.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138763
dc.identifier.issn0959-6526
dc.identifier.issn1879-1786
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85171625860en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.138763
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12713/4825
dc.identifier.volume424en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001080751600001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevier Sci Ltden_US
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Cleaner Productionen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.snmz20240519_kaen_US
dc.subjectBrownian Motionen_US
dc.subjectLiquid Cooling Systemen_US
dc.subjectNanobubblesen_US
dc.subjectPem Fuel Cellsen_US
dc.subjectSmart Nanofluidsen_US
dc.subjectThermal Managementen_US
dc.titleNanofluids as a coolant for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells: Recent trends, challenges, and future perspectivesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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