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Öğe Advances in aptamer-based drug delivery vehicles for cancer therapy(Elsevier, 2022) Ghasemi, Kousar; Darroudi, Mahdieh; Rahimmanesh, Ilnaz; Ghomi, Matineh; Hassanpour, Mahnaz; Sharifi, Esmaeel; Yousefiasl, Satar; Ahmadi, Sepideh; Zarrabi, Ali; Borzacchiello, Assunta; Rabiee, Mohammad; Paiva-Santos, Ana Cláudia; Rabiee, NavidOverall, aptamers are special classes of nucleic acid-based macromolecules that are beginning to investigate because of their capability of avidity binding to a specific target for clinical use. Taking advantage of target-specific medicine led to more effective therapeutic and limitation of side effects of drugs. Herein, we discuss several aptamers and their binding capability and capacity for selecting tumor biomarkers and usage of them as targeting ligands for the functionalization of nanomaterials. We review recent applications based on aptamers and several nanoparticles to rise efficacy and develop carrier systems such as graphene oxide, folic acid, gold, mesopores silica, and various polymers and copolymer, polyethylene glycol, cyclodextrin, chitosan. The nanocarriers have been characterized by particle size, zeta potential, aptamer conjugation, and drug encapsulation efficiency. Hydrodynamic diameter and Zeta potential can used in order to monitor aptamers' crosslinking, in-vitro drug release, intracellular delivery of nanocarriers, and cellular cytotoxicity assay. Also, they are studied for cellular uptake and internalization to types of cancer cell lines such as colorectal, breast, prostate, leukemia and etc. The results are investigated in in-vivo cytotoxicity assay and cell viability assay. Targeted cancer therapy seems a good and promising strategy to overcome the systemic toxicity of chemotherapy.Öğe Chitosan-based nanoscale systems for doxorubicin delivery: Exploring biomedical application in cancer therapy(AICHE Online Library, 2022) Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Mirzaei, Sepideh; Bokaie, Saied; Bigham, Ashkan; Makvandi, Pooyan; Rabiee, Navid; Thakur, Vijay Kumar; Kumar, Alan Prem; Sharifi, Esmaeel; Varma, Rajender S.; Aref, Amir Reza; Wojnilowicz, Marcin; Zarrabi, Ali; Karimi-Maleh, Hassan; Voelcker, Nicolas H.; Mostafavi, Ebrahim; Orive, GorkaGreen chemistry has been a growing multidisciplinary field in recent years showing great promise in biomedical applications, especially for cancer therapy. Chitosan (CS) is an abundant biopolymer derived from chitin and is present in insects and fungi. This polysaccharide has favorable characteristics, including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and ease of modification by enzymes and chemicals. CS-based nanoparticles (CS-NPs) have shown potential in the treatment of cancer and other diseases, affording targeted delivery and overcoming drug resistance. The current review emphasizes on the application of CS-NPs for the delivery of a chemotherapeutic agent, doxorubicin (DOX), in cancer therapy as they promote internalization of DOX in cancer cells and prevent the activity of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) to reverse drug resistance. These nanoarchitectures can provide co-delivery of DOX with antitumor agents such as curcumin and cisplatin to induce synergistic cancer therapy. Furthermore, co-loading of DOX with siRNA, shRNA, and miRNA can suppress tumor progression and provide chemosensitivity. Various nanostructures, including lipid-, carbon-, polymeric- and metal-based nanoparticles, are modifiable with CS for DOX delivery, while functionalization of CS-NPs with ligands such as hyaluronic acid promotes selectivity toward tumor cells and prevents DOX resistance. The CS-NPs demonstrate high encapsulation efficiency and due to protonation of amine groups of CS, pH-sensitive release of DOX can occur. Furthermore, redox- and light-responsive CS-NPs have been prepared for DOX delivery in cancer treatment. Leveraging these characteristics and in view of the biocompatibility of CS-NPs, we expect to soon see significant progress towards clinical translation.Öğe Customizing nano-chitosan for sustainable drug delivery(PMC, 2022) Mostafa Saeedi 1, Omid Vahidi 1, Mohammadreza Moghbeli 1, Sepideh Ahmadi 2, Mohsen Asadnia 3, Omid Akhavan 4, Farzad Seidi 5, Mohammad Rabiee 6, Mohammad Reza Saeb 7, Thomas J Webster 8, Rajender S Varma 9, Esmaeel Sharifi 10, Ali Zarrabi 11, Navid Rabiee 12 Affiliations collapse; Saeedi, Mostafa; Vahidi, Omid; Moghbeli, Mohammadreza; Ahmadi, Sepideh; Asadnia, Mohsen; Akhavan, Omid; Seidi, Farzad; Rabiee, Mohammad; Saeb, Mohammad Reza; Webster, Thomas J.; Zarrabi, Ali; Rabiee, Navid; Varma, Rajender S.; Sharifi, EsmaeelChitosan is a natural polymer with acceptable biocompatibility, biodegradability, and mechanical stability; hence, it has been widely appraised for drug and gene delivery applications. However, there has been no comprehensive assessment to tailor-make chitosan cross-linkers of various types and functionalities as well as complex chitosan-based semi- and full-interpenetrating networks for drug delivery systems (DDSs). Herein, the various fabrication methods developed for chitosan hydrogels are deliberated, including chitosan crosslinking with and without diverse cross-linkers. Tripolyphosphate, genipin and multi-functional aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and epoxides are common cross-linkers used in developing biomedical chitosan for DDSs. Methods deployed for modifying the properties and performance of chitosan hydrogels, via their composite production (semi- and full-interpenetrating networks), are also cogitated here. In addition, recent advances in the fabrication of advanced chitosan hydrogels for drug delivery applications such as oral drug delivery, transdermal drug delivery, and cancer therapy are discussed. Lastly, thoughts on what is needed for the chitosan field to continue to grow is also debated in this comprehensive review articleÖğe Electrically conductive carbon-based (bio)-nanomaterials for cardiac tissue engineering(John Wiley and Sons Inc, 2022) Jalilinejad, Negin; Rabiee, Mohammad; Baheiraei, Nafiseh; Ghahremanzadeh, Ramin; Salarian, Reza; Rabiee, Navid; Akhavan, Omid; Zarrintaj, Payam; Hejna, Aleksander; Saeb, Mohammad Reza; Zarrabi, Ali; Sharifi, Esmaeel; Yousefiasl, Satar; Zare, Ehsan NazarzadehA proper self-regenerating capability is lacking in human cardiac tissue which along with the alarming rate of deaths associated with cardiovascular disorders makes tissue engineering critical. Novel approaches are now being investigated in order to speedily overcome the challenges in this path. Tissue engineering has been revolutionized by the advent of nanomaterials, and later by the application of carbon-based nanomaterials because of their exceptional variable functionality, conductivity, and mechanical properties. Electrically conductive biomaterials used as cell bearers provide the tissue with an appropriate microenvironment for the specific seeded cells as substrates for the sake of protecting cells in biological media against attacking mechanisms. Nevertheless, their advantages and shortcoming in view of cellular behavior, toxicity, and targeted delivery depend on the tissue in which they are implanted or being used as a scaffold. This review seeks to address, summarize, classify, conceptualize, and discuss the use of carbon-based nanoparticles in cardiac tissue engineering emphasizing their conductivity. We considered electrical conductivity as a key affecting the regeneration of cells. Correspondingly, we reviewed conductive polymers used in tissue engineering and specifically in cardiac repair as key biomaterials with high efficiency. We comprehensively classified and discussed the advantages of using conductive biomaterials in cardiac tissue engineering. An overall review of the open literature on electroactive substrates including carbon-based biomaterials over the last decade was provided, tabulated, and thoroughly discussed. The most commonly used conductive substrates comprising graphene, graphene oxide, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers in cardiac repair were studied. © 2022 The Authors. Bioengineering & Translational Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Institute of Chemical Engineers.Öğe Long non-coding RNAs and exosomal incRNAs: Potential functions in lung cancer progression, drug resistance and tumor microenvironment remodeling(Elsevier Science, 2022) Entezari, Maliheh; Ghanbarirad, Maryam; Taheriazam, Afshin; Sadrkhanloo, Mehrdokht; Zabolian, Amirhossein; Shekhi Beig Goharrizi, Mohammad Ali; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Aref, Amir Reza; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Zarrabi, Ali; Nabavi, Noushin; Rabiee, Navid; Hashemi, Mehrdad; Samarghandian, SaeedAmong the different kinds of tumors threatening human life, lung cancer is one that is commonly observed in both males and females. The aggressive behavior of lung cancer and interactions occurring in tumor microenvironment enhances the malignancy of this tumor. The lung tumor cells have demonstrated capacity in developing chemo- and radio-resistance. LncRNAs are a category of non-coding RNAs that do not encode proteins, but their aberrant expression is responsible for tumor development, especially lung cancer. In the present review, we focus on both lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in lung cancer, and their ability in regulating proliferation and metastasis. Cell cycle progression and molecular mechanisms related to lung cancer metastasis such as EMT and MMPs are regulated by lncRNAs. LncRNAs interact with miRNAs, STAT, Wnt, EZH2, PTEN and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to affect progression of lung cancer cells. LncRNAs demonstrate both tumor-suppressor and tumor-promoting functions in lung cancer. They can be considered as biomarkers in lung cancer and especially exosomal lncRNAs present in body fluids are potential tools for minimally invasive diagnosis. Furthermore, weÖğe Long non-coding RNAs and exosomal lncRNAs: Potential functions in lung cancer progression, drug resistance and tumor microenvironment remodeling(Elsevier, 2022) Entezari, Maliheh; Ghanbarirad, Maryam; Taheriazam, Afshin; Sadrkhanloo, Mehrdokht; Zabolian, Amirhossein; Goharrizi, Mohammad Ali Shekhi Beig; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Aref, Amir Reza; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Zarrabi, Ali; Nabavi, Noushin; Rabiee, Navid; Hashemi, Mehrdad; Samarghandian, SaeedAmong the different kinds of tumors threatening human life, lung cancer is one that is commonly observed in both males and females. The aggressive behavior of lung cancer and interactions occurring in tumor microenvironment enhances the malignancy of this tumor. The lung tumor cells have demonstrated capacity in developing chemo- and radio-resistance. LncRNAs are a category of non-coding RNAs that do not encode proteins, but their aberrant expression is responsible for tumor development, especially lung cancer. In the present review, we focus on both lncRNAs and exosomal lncRNAs in lung cancer, and their ability in regulating proliferation and metastasis. Cell cycle progression and molecular mechanisms related to lung cancer metastasis such as EMT and MMPs are regulated by lncRNAs. LncRNAs interact with miRNAs, STAT, Wnt, EZH2, PTEN and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways to affect progression of lung cancer cells. LncRNAs demonstrate both tumor-suppressor and tumor-promoting functions in lung cancer. They can be considered as biomarkers in lung cancer and especially exosomal lncRNAs present in body fluids are potential tools for minimally invasive diagnosis. Furthermore, we discuss regulation of lncRNAs by anti-cancer drugs and genetic tools as well as the role of these factors in therapy response of lung cancer cells.Öğe Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in pancreatic cancer progression(Elsevier Science, 2022) Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Rabiee, Navid; Prem Kumar, Alan; Sethi, Gautam; Zarrabi, Ali; Wang, YuzhuoLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules involved in gene regulation at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and epigenetic levels. lncRNAs participate in regulating apoptosis and autophagy in pancreatic cancer (PCa) and can promote and/or decrease the proliferation rate of tumor cells. The metastasis of PCa cells is tightly regulated by lncRNAs and they can affect the mechanism of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) to modulate metastasis. The drug resistance of PCa cells, especially to gemcitabine, can be affected by lncRNAs. In addition, lncRNAs enriched in exosomes can be transferred among tumor cells to regulate their proliferation and metastasis. Antitumor compounds, such as curcumin and ginsenosides, can regulate lncRNA expression in PCa therapy. As we discuss here, the expression level of lncRNAs can be considered as both a diagnostic and prognostic tool in patients with PCa. Teaser: We discuss the role of long noncoding RNAs in the proliferation, invasion, and therapy response of pancreatic cancer cells, evaluating their prognostic and diagnostic functions in the clinical course of this disease.Öğe Magnetic nanocomposites for biomedical applications(Elsevier B.V., 2022) Naghdi, Mina; Ghovvati, Mahsa; Rabiee, Navid; Ahmadi, Sepideh; Abbariki, Nikzad; Sojdeh, Soheil; Ojaghi, Amirhossein; Bagherzadeh, Mojtaba; Akhavan, Omid; Sharifi, Esmaeel; Rabiee, Mohammad; Saeb, Mohammad Reza; Bolouri, Keivan; Webster, Thomas J.; Zare, Ehsan Nazarzadeh; Zarrabi, AliTissue engineering and regenerative medicine have solved numerous problems related to the repair and regeneration of damaged organs and tissues arising from aging, illnesses, and injuries. Nanotechnology has further aided tissue regeneration science and has provided outstanding opportunities to help disease diagnosis as well as treat damaged tissues. Based on the most recent findings, magnetic nanostructures (MNSs), in particular, have emerged as promising materials for detecting, directing, and supporting tissue regeneration. There have been many reports concerning the role of these nano-building blocks in the regeneration of both soft and hard tissues, but the subject has not been extensively reviewed. Here, we review, classify, and discuss various synthesis strategies for novel MNSs used in medicine. Advanced applications of magnetic nanocomposites (MG-NCs), specifically magnetic nanostructures, are further systematically reviewed. In addition, the scientific and technical aspects of MG-NC used in medicine are discussed considering the requirements for the field. In summary, this review highlights the numerous opportunities and challenges associated with the use of MG-NCs as smart nanocomposites (NCs) in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.Öğe Mission impossible for cellular internalization: When porphyrin alliance with UiO-66-NH2 MOF gives the cell lines a ride(Elsevier, 2022) Ahmadi, Sepideh; Jajarmi, Vahid; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Zarrabi, Ali; Haponiuk, Józef T.; Saeb, Mohammad Reza; Lima, Eder C.; Rabiee, Mohammad; Rabiee, NavidIs it possible to accelerate cell internalization by hybridization of nanomaterials? Herein we support the realization of using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with the assistance of rigid porphyrin structure (H2TMP) aimed at drug loading, drug release, relative cell viability, and targeted in vitro drug delivery. There are several MOFs, i.e., UiO-66-NH2 (125 ± 12.5 nm), UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP (160 ± 14 nm), UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP@DOX, and UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP@DOX@RO were synthesized and characterized applying HEK-293, HT-29, MCF-7, and MCF-10A cell lines. MTT investigations proved a significantly higher relative cell viability for H2TMP-aided leaf-extract-coated nanocarriers (above 62 % relative cell viability). Furthermore, the rigid H2TMP structure improved drug loading capacity by 24 % through an enhanced hydrogen bond, van der Waals, and ?-? interactions. The in vitro targeted drug delivery experiments were conducted on HT-29 and MCF-7 cell lines. First, nanocarriers were treated with HT-29 cells, where UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP@DOX@RO appeared as the best nanocarrier. Then, the selected nanocarrier was extracted from the HT-29 cell line and treated with the MCF-7 cell line. For the first time, the DOX remained inside the UiO-66-NH2 @H2TMP@DOX@RO after successful delivery to the HT-29 cell lines was observed on the MCF-7 cell line, and the second targeted drug delivery was performed. The results of this survey can enlighten the future ahead of cell internalization in MOF-based hybrid nanostructures. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Molecular landscape of LncRNAs in prostate cancer: A focus on pathways and therapeutic targets for intervention(PMC, 2022) Mirzaei, Sepideh; Abad Paskeh, Mahshid Deldar; Okina, Elena; Gholami, Mohammad Hossein; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Hashemi, Mehrdad; Kalu , Azuma; Zarrabi, Ali; Nabav, Noushin; Rabiee, Navid; Sharifi, Esmaeel; Karimi-Maleh, Hassan; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Kumar, Alan Prem; Wang, YuzhuoBackground: One of the most malignant tumors in men is prostate cancer that is still incurable due to its heterog? enous and progressive natures. Genetic and epigenetic changes play signifcant roles in its development. The RNA molecules with more than 200 nucleotides in length are known as lncRNAs and these epigenetic factors do not encode protein. They regulate gene expression at transcriptional, post-transcriptional and epigenetic levels. LncRNAs play vital biological functions in cells and in pathological events, hence their expression undergoes dysregulation. Aim of review: The role of epigenetic alterations in prostate cancer development are emphasized here. Therefore, lncRNAs were chosen for this purpose and their expression level and interaction with other signaling networks in prostate cancer progression were examined. Key scientifc concepts of review: The aberrant expression of lncRNAs in prostate cancer has been well-docu? mented and progression rate of tumor cells are regulated via afecting STAT3, NF-?B, Wnt, PI3K/Akt and PTEN, among other molecular pathways. Furthermore, lncRNAs regulate radio-resistance and chemo-resistance features of prostate tumor cells. Overexpression of tumor-promoting lncRNAs such as HOXD-AS1 and CCAT1 can result in drug resistance. Besides, lncRNAs can induce immune evasion of prostate cancer via upregulating PD-1. Pharmacological compounds such as quercetin and curcumin have been applied for targeting lncRNAs. Furthermore, siRNA tool can reduce expression of lncRNAs thereby suppressing prostate cancer progression. Prognosis and diagnosis of prostate tumor at clinical course can be evaluated by lncRNAs. The expression level of exosomal lncRNAs such as lncRNA-p21 can be investigated in serum of prostate cancer patients as a reliable biomarkerÖğe Non-coding RNAs and macrophage interaction in tumor progression(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2022) Entezari, Maliheh; Sadrkhanloo, Mehrdokht; Rashidi, Mohsen; Asnaf, Sholeh Etehad; Taheriazam, Afshin; Hashemi, Mehrdad; Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Zarrabi, Ali; Rabiee, Navid; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Mirzaei, Sepideh; Sethi, GautamThe macrophages are abundantly found in TME and their M2 polarization is in favor of tumor malignancy. On the other hand, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) can modulate macrophage polarization in TME to affect cancer progression. The miRNAs can dually induce/suppress M2 polarization of macrophages and by affecting various molecular pathways, they modulate tumor progression and therapy response. The lncRNAs can affect miRNAs via sponging and other molecular pathways to modulate macrophage polarization. A few experiments have also examined role of circRNAs in targeting signaling networks and affecting macrophages. The therapeutic targeting of these ncRNAs can mediate TME remodeling and affect macrophage polarization. Furthermore, exosomal ncRNAs derived from tumor cells or macrophages can modulate polarization and TME remodeling. Suppressing biogenesis and secretion of exosomes can inhibit ncRNA-mediated M2 polarization of macrophages and prevent tumor progression. The ncRNAs, especially exosomal ncRNAs can be considered as non-invasive biomarkers for tumor diagnosis. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.Öğe Self-healing MXene-and graphene-based composites : properties and applications(Springer, 2023) Zarepour, Atefeh; Ahmadi, Sepideh; Rabiee, Navid; Zarrabi, Ali; Iravani, SiavashToday, self-healing graphene- and MXene-based composites have attracted researchers due to the increase in durability as well as the cost reduction in long-time applications. Different studies have focused on designing novel self-healing graphene- and MXene-based composites with enhanced sensitivity, stretchability, and flexibility as well as improved electrical conductivity, healing efficacy, mechanical properties, and energy conversion efficacy. These composites with self-healing properties can be employed in the field of wearable sensors, supercapacitors, anticorrosive coatings, electromagnetic interference shielding, electronic-skin, soft robotics, etc. However, it appears that more explorations are still needed to achieve composites with excellent arbitrary shape adaptability, suitable adhesiveness, ideal durability, high stretchability, immediate self-healing responsibility, and outstanding electromagnetic features. Besides, optimizing reaction/synthesis conditions and finding suitable strategies for functionalization/modification are crucial aspects that should be comprehensively investigated. MXenes and graphene exhibited superior electrochemical properties with abundant surface terminations and great surface area, which are important to evolve biomedical and sensing applications. However, flexibility and stretchability are important criteria that need to be improved for their future applications. Herein, the most recent advancements pertaining to the applications and properties of self-healing graphene- and MXene-based composites are deliberated, focusing on crucial challenges and future perspectives.Öğe Stimuli-responsive liposomal nanoformulations in cancer therapy: Pre-clinical & clinical approaches(Elsevier, 2022) Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Delfi, Masoud; Zarrabi, Ali; Sharifi, Esmaeel; Rabiee, Navid; Paiva-Santos, Ana Cláudia; Kumar, Alan Prem; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Nazarzadeh Zare, Ehsan; Makvandi, PooyanThe site-specific delivery of antitumor agents is of importance for providing effective cancer suppression. Poor bioavailability of anticancer compounds and the presence of biological barriers prevent their accumulation in tumor sites. These obstacles can be overcome using liposomal nanostructures. The challenges in cancer chemotherapy and stimuli-responsive nanocarriers are first described in the current review. Then, stimuli-responsive liposomes including pH-, redox-, enzyme-, light-, thermo- and magneto-sensitive nanoparticles are discussed and their potential for delivery of anticancer drugs is emphasized. The pH- or redox-sensitive liposomes are based on internal stimulus and release drug in response to a mildly acidic pH and GSH, respectively. The pH-sensitive liposomes can mediate endosomal escape via proton sponge. The multifunctional liposomes responsive to both redox and pH have more capacity in drug release at tumor site compared to pH- or redox-sensitive alone. The magnetic field and NIR irradiation can be exploited for external stimulation of liposomes. The light-responsive liposomes release drugs when they are exposed to irradiation; thermosensitive-liposomes release drugs at a temperature of >40 °C when there is hyperthermia; magneto-responsive liposomes release drugs in presence of magnetic field. These smart nanoliposomes also mediate co-delivery of drugs and genes in synergistic cancer therapy. Due to lack of long-term toxicity of liposomes, they can be utilized in near future for treatment of cancer patients.
