Elektronörofizyoloji Programı Makale Koleksiyonu

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12713/962

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Acute hypoxia exposure following prenatal stress impairs hippocampus and novelty-seeking behavior in adolescent rats
(WILEY, 2021) Çelik, Kübra; Bilim, Petek; Garip, Gurur; Durmaz, Burak; Sozmen, Eser Yildirim; Baka, Meral
Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of acute hypoxia exposure following prenatal stress on the novelty-seeking behavior and hippocampus of adolescent rats. Methods: The offspring were divided into prenatal stress (PS) and non-stress (NS) groups. Both groups were exposed to hypoxia on postnatal day 10 (P10) while control groups were undisturbed. Novel object recognition task was performed in each group. Next, brains were collected to examine hippocampus via immunohistochemical and biochemical studies on postnatal day 35 (P35). Results: PS decreased novelty discrimination and synaptophysin (SYN) expressions both in CA1 & CA3 of the hypoxia group prominently (p<0.05). Nestin-expressing cells were reduced while vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was enhanced in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of PS-hypoxia group (p<0.05). VEGF enhancement triggered angiogenesis in the CA1&CA3 significantly (p<0.05). PS also increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels in the hypoxia group as a result of oxidative stress (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that PS exacerbates neurodevelopmental deficits in the hippocampus of acute hypoxia-induced offspring in adolescence.
Migrenli yaşlılarda diyet kısıtlamasının etkinliği
(Türk Nöropsikiyatri Derneği, 2021) Özön, Akçay Övünç; Karadaş,Ömer
Migren tipi baş ağrısı her yaşta bireyin günlük yaşam aktivitelerini kısıtlayan, sosyoekonomik yükü fazla olan bir ağrı tipidir. Patogenezi tam olarak anlaşılmış değildir. Birçok migren tetikleyici faktör olup gıdalar bunlardan biridir. Bu çalışmada yaşlı hastalarda migren tetikleyici gıdaların alımının kısıtlanarak, migren ataklarının önlenmesi üzerine etkisinin olup olmadığı araştırıldı. Çalışmaya Uluslararası Baş ağrısı sınıflamasına göre aurasız migren tanısı konulan 65 yaş üstü hastalar alındı. Migren atağının belirli gıdaların alımıyla ilişkili olduğunu belirten 31 hasta değerlendirildi. Belirlenen tetikleyici gıdalar hastaların diyetinden çıkarıldı. Diyet uygulama öncesi ve diyet uygulama sonrası 2. ayda, bir ay içerisindeki atak sıklığı, atak süresi ve Görsel Analog Skala (VAS) ile ağrı şiddetleri, kullanılan analjezik ve triptan sayısı kaydedildi. Bulgular: Çalışmada 8’i erkek 23’ü kadın olmak üzere toplam 31 hasta değerlendirildi. Hastalara diyet uygulama sonrası ikinci ayda, bir ay içerisindeki atak sıklığı, atak süresi, ağrı şiddeti, kullanılan analjezik ve triptan sayıları diyet uygulama öncesine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede daha düşük olarak saptandı. (p<0,05) Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, migren tetikleyici özelliği olan gıdaların kısıtlanmasının, yaşlı hastalarda migren ataklarının önlenmesi ve analjezik ya da triptan kullanımının azaltılmasında etkili ve güvenilir bir seçenek olabileceğini ileri sürmekteyiz.
A clinical approach to the mirror neuron system and its functions
(ISTANBUL UNIV, 2021) Hari, Emre; Cengiz, Canberk; Kılıç, Ferhat; Yurdakoş, Ertan
Ayna nöronlar, 1990’lı yılların başında Parma Üniversitesi’nde Rizzolatti ve ekibi tarafından ilk kez makak maymunlarında keşfedilmiştir. İnsanlarda ayna nöronların araştırıldığı çalışmalarda, makaklarda olduğu gibi invazif yöntemlerin kullanılması mümkün olmadığı için nörogörüntüleme ve elektrofizyolojik teknikler gibi non-invazif yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Bu nöron topluluğu, keşfinden bu yana eylemlerin tanınması, yorumlanması, taklit edilmesi, empati, öğrenme ve hafıza gibi birçok karmaşık işlevler ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Bu durum, ayna nöron sisteminin biliş ve eylem arasında bir çeşit köprü oluşturduğunu düşündürmektedir. Ayna nöronların bilişteki olası rolü, bu sistemin nörolojik ve psikiyatrik hastalıklara bir şekilde etki ettiğini göstermektedir. Bu çerçevede bu derlemede, Parkinson hastalığı, Alzheimer hastalığı, amyotrofik lateral skleroz, otizm spektrum bozuklukları ve psikotik bozukluklardaki ayna nöron sistemi patolojisi ile konjenital ayna hareket bozukluğunun ayna nöron sistemi ile olası ilişkisine dair çalışmalara yer verilmiştir. Ayna nöronların keşfinden sonra beyin organizasyonu hakkındaki yeni görüşler ışığında nörolojik ve psikiyatrik hastalıkların yeniden yorumlanması, klinik belirtilerinin daha iyi anlaşılması ve rehabilitasyonu için yeni yollar açmaya yardımcı olabilir
TRPV1 channel is a potential drug discovery channel for epilepsy
(DergiPark, 2018) Özşimşek, Ahmet
Epilepsy is one of the most frequent and heterogeneous neurological disorders and it is characterized by several disabilities. Epilepsy is affecting about 3% of people worldwide. Current antiepileptic drugs are only effective in 60% of individuals and many drugs can induce several unwanted side effects in patients. Etiology of epilepsy has not been clarified fully. However, increased intracellular calcium ion (Ca2+) concentration has main role in etiology of epilepsy. Ca2+ passes the cell membrane through different cell membrane channels. One of the channels is TRP superfamily.
High density optical neuroimaging predicts surgeons's subjective experience and skill levels
(PLOS ONE, 2021) Keleş, Hasan Onur; Cengiz, Canberk; Demiral, İrem; Özmen, Mehmet Mahir; Omurtağ, Ahmet
Abstract Measuring cognitive load is important for surgical education and patient safety. Traditional approaches of measuring cognitive load of surgeons utilise behavioural metrics to measure performance and surveys and questionnaires to collect reports of subjective experience. These have disadvantages such as sporadic data, occasionally intrusive methodologies, subjective or misleading self-reporting. In addition, traditional approaches use subjective metrics that cannot distinguish between skill levels. Functional neuroimaging data was collected using a high density, wireless NIRS device from sixteen surgeons (11 attending surgeons and 5 surgery resident) and 17 students while they performed two laparoscopic tasks (Peg transfer and String pass). Participant's subjective mental load was assessed using the NASA-TLX survey. Machine learning approaches were used for predicting the subjective experience and skill levels. The Prefrontal cortex (PFC) activations were greater in students who reported higher-than-median task load, as measured by the NASA-TLX survey. However in the case of attending surgeons the opposite tendency was observed, namely higher activations in the lower v higher task loaded subjects. We found that response was greater in the left PFC of students particularly near the dorso- and ventrolateral areas. We quantified the ability of PFC activation to predict the differences in skill and task load using machine learning while focussing on the effects of NIRS channel separation distance on the results. Our results showed that the classification of skill level and subjective task load could be predicted based on PFC activation with an accuracy of nearly 90%. Our finding shows that there is sufficient information available in the optical signals to make accurate predictions about the surgeons' subjective experiences and skill levels. The high accuracy of results is encouraging and suggest the integration of the strategy developed in this study as a promising approach to design automated, more accurate and objective evaluation methods.
Evaluation of cerebral blood flow alterations and acute neuronal damage due to water-pipe smoking
(Galenos Yayincilik, 2019) Karakayalı, Onur; Utku, Uygar; Yılmaz, Serkan
Background: Although water-pipe smoking is a great public health problem, data regarding the acute and chronic effects and the degree of toxin exposure are limited. While water pipe-related malignancy, pulmonary. infectious, cardiac effects, infertility, and biological effects have been described in a meta-analysis. there are no studies in the literature about its neurologic effects. Aims: To evaluate water pipe-related acute neurological effects and cerebral blood flow through transcranial Doppler ultrasonography and serum S100 calcium binding protein calcium binding protein level measurements. Study Design: Prospective observational study. Methods: Vital signs and baseline carboxyhemoglobin and S100 calcium binding protein levels, cerebral flood changes with transcranial Doppler ultrasound were evaluated and recorded before and after water-pipe smoking. Results: The mean age of the 31 volunteers was 30.61 (+/- 5.67) years and 24 of them (77.42%) were male. A statistically significant difference was determined in heart rate, oxygen saturation, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure values before and after water-pipe smoking (p<0.001, p=0.035, p=0.009, p=0.021, respectively). Mean carboxyhemoglobin level was 2.68% (+/- 1.68) before, 14.97% (+/- 4.83) after water-pipe smoking (p<0.001). The S100 calcium binding protein level was 25.05 mu/mL (+/- 8.34) at the beginning, 40.71 mu/mL (+/- 14.06) after water-pipe smoking (p<0.001). An increase was determined in peak, and median middle, anterior and posterior cerebral artery blood flow rates, and a decrease was determined in both the pulsatility index and resistivity index values after water-pipe smoking using transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Conclusion: Cerebral vasodilation develops due to the increase in cerebral blood flow rate and the decrease in pulsatility index, resistivity index values, and the elevation in carboxyhemoglobin, S100 calcium binding protein level indicates that water-pipe smoking leads to neuronal damage in the acute period.
The importance of electrophysiologic support for carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis in the elderly
(Ege Univ, 2019) Öztürk, Bilgin; Özön, Akçay Övünç
Objective: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common entrapment neuropathy that is more common in women and increases with age.The diagnosis is made clinically and electrophysiological tests contribute diagnosis. The first options in treatment include physical therapy programs, pharmacological agents and surgery. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between the diagnosis of CTS and electromyography (EMG) and age. Methods: In this study, we compared the age of patients with only CTS without muscle weakness or atrophy. A total of 59 patients (group 1 aged <50 years n=30, group 2 aged >65 years n=29) were included in the study. Age, sex, Tinel sign, Phalen sign, carpal compression test, and EMG results were evaluated. In light of the data obtained from the patient records, patients with other diseases that caused their symptoms and those with disorders other than CTS electrophysiologically were excluded from the study. Results: In the evaluation of EMG results, EMG positivity was found to be higher in older patients and there was no difference in terms of clinical symptoms. Also, the Tinel sign was correlated with EMG significance in both old and young individuals. Conclusion: We believe that EMG will give more guidance in older patients than younger individuals in the presence of suspected clinical suspicion of CTS.
The efficacy of local anesthetic application to pericranial muscles in the treatment of episodic tension type headache in elderly population
(Gulhane Medical School, University of Health Sciences, 2019) Öztürk B.; Özön, Akçay Övünç
Aims:Tension Type Headache (TTH), which is one of the primary headaches, has episodic and chronic types. Peripheral and central nociceptive mechanisms plays a role in the pathogenesis of TTH. In the acute treatment of TTH, simple and combined analgesics, and antidepressants are used for preventive therapy, but new therapy options are needed. The aim of this study is to determine the therapeutic efficacy of local lidocaine injections to pericranial muscles in elderly patients with Episodic Tension Type Headache. Methods:Twenty-five patients with a diagnosis of episodic TTH over the age of 65 were included in the study. The patients received local 0.5% of lidocaine injections once a week for 4 sessions. Each patient received two injections to frontal muscles, temporal muscles, masseter muscles, sternocloidomastoid muscles, semispinalis capitis muscles, splenius capitis muscles and trapezius muscles bilaterally. The painful days, pain intensity (VAS-Visual Analog Scale) and the number of analgesics they had used were compared. Results:The median age of the patients were 67 (min-max: 65-80) years. The number of painful days, pain intensity (VAS -Visual Analogue Scale) and the number of analgesics they had used after injection were statistically significantly lower ( p < 0.05) . Conclusions:Local lidocaine injections into the pericranial muscles can be used as an effective method in the treatment of episodic TTH in the elderly. © Gülhane Faculty of Medicine 2019.
Clinical and radiological evaluation of epilepsy after ischemic cerebrovascular disease
(Galenos Publishing House, 2020) Özön, Akçay Övünç; Cüce F.
Aims: We aimed to evaluate the onset time, seizure type, response to treatment, etiological causes, electroencephalographic, and radiological features of epileptic seizures that occur after ischemic stroke. Methods: A retrospective evaluation was performed using the data of 2900 patients admitted to our clinic between October 2016 and June 2019 and diagnosed with ischemic stroke. Those who had epileptic seizures within the first 15 days after ischemic cerebrovascular disease were considered as early-onset seizures (EOS), and those who started on or after day 16 were considered as late-onset seizures (LOS). Results: The study was conducted on 46 patients who had epileptic seizures after ischemic stroke. EOS were detected in 28 of the patients (60.9%) and LOS in 18 (39.1%). When ischemia etiologies were examined, cardioembolism was found in approximately half of the cases (47.8%). Secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizure (SGTCS) (52.2%) and complex partial seizure (26.1%) were the most common ones in patients. Monotherapy was performed in 39 patients (84.8%) and polytherapy in 7 patients (15.2%). A focal epileptiform anomaly was the most frequent abnormality in electroencephalography. The most common involvement in both EOS and LOS was observed in the cortical and subcortical areas. Conclusions: EOS were more frequent after ischemic stroke. Cortical and subcortical involvement was the most common in terms of seizures in radiological examination. The most common seizure type was SGTCS. Monotherapy was the most frequent application in the treatment. The most commonly preferred antiepileptic drug was levetiracetam. Antiepileptic drug therapy was found to be effective. © 2020 Galenos Publishing House.

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