The efficacy of immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in patients with advanced rare tumors: A Turkish oncology group (TOG) study

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dc.authoridBayram, Ertugrul/0000-0001-8713-7613
dc.authorwosidER, OZLEM/X-1330-2018
dc.authorwosidAykan, Musa Barış/AEK-4253-2022
dc.contributor.authorGuven, Deniz Can
dc.contributor.authorAykan, Musa Baris
dc.contributor.authorMuglu, Harun
dc.contributor.authorBayram, Ertugrul
dc.contributor.authorHelvaci, Kaan
dc.contributor.authorDursun, Bengue
dc.contributor.authorCelayir, Melisa
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-19T14:42:54Z
dc.date.available2024-05-19T14:42:54Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentİstinye Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractIntroduction: The advances in immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were relatively slow in rare tumors. Therefore, we conducted a multi-center study evaluating the efficacy of ICI monotherapy and the combination of ICIs with chemotherapy (CT) in patients with advanced rare tumors.Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we included 93 patients treated with ICIs for NCI-defined rare tumors from the 12 cancer centers in Turkey. The primary endpoints were the overall response (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR).Results: The cohort's median age was 56, and 53.8% of the patients were male. The most frequent diagnosis was sarcoma (29%), and 81.7% of the patients were previously treated with at least one line of systemic therapy in the advanced stage. The ORR and DCR were 36.8% and 63.2%, respectively. The germ cell tumors had the lowest ORR (0%), while the Merkel cell carcinoma had the highest ORR to ICIs (57.1%). Patients treated with ICI + ICI or ICI plus chemotherapy combinations had higher ORR (55.2% vs. 27.6%, p = 0.012) and DCR (82.8% vs. 53.4%, p = 0.008). The median OS was 13.47 (95% CI: 7.79-19.15) months, and the six and 12-month survival rates were 71% and 52%. The median duration of response was 16.59 months, and the 12-month progression-free survival rate was 66% in responders. The median time-to-treatment failure was 5.06 months (95% CI: 3.42-6.71). Three patients had high-grade irAEs with ICIs (grade 3 colitis, grade 3 gastritis, and grade 3 encephalitis in one patient each).Results: The cohort's median age was 56, and 53.8% of the patients were male. The most frequent diagnosis was sarcoma (29%), and 81.7% of the patients were previously treated with at least one line of systemic therapy in the advanced stage. The ORR and DCR were 36.8% and 63.2%, respectively. The germ cell tumors had the lowest ORR (0%), while the Merkel cell carcinoma had the highest ORR to ICIs (57.1%). Patients treated with ICI + ICI or ICI plus chemotherapy combinations had higher ORR (55.2% vs. 27.6%, p = 0.012) and DCR (82.8% vs. 53.4%, p = 0.008). The median OS was 13.47 (95% CI: 7.79-19.15) months, and the six and 12-month survival rates were 71% and 52%. The median duration of response was 16.59 months, and the 12-month progression-free survival rate was 66% in responders. The median time-to-treatment failure was 5.06 months (95% CI: 3.42-6.71). Three patients had high-grade irAEs with ICIs (grade 3 colitis, grade 3 gastritis, and grade 3 encephalitis in one patient each).Conclusion: We observed over 30% ORR and a 13-month median OS in patients with rare cancers treated with ICI monotherapy or ICI plus CT combinations. The response rates to ICIs or ICIs plus CT significantly varied across different tumor types. Responding patients had over 2 years of survival, highlighting a need for further trials with ICIs for patients with rare tumors.en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/cam4.6869
dc.identifier.issn2045-7634
dc.identifier.issue1en_US
dc.identifier.pmid38140782en_US
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85180694449en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org10.1002/cam4.6869
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12713/5299
dc.identifier.volume13en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001129651900001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherWileyen_US
dc.relation.ispartofCancer Medicineen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen_US
dc.snmz20240519_kaen_US
dc.subjectImmune Checkpoint Inhibitoren_US
dc.subjectImmunotherapyen_US
dc.subjectRare Tumoren_US
dc.subjectSarcomaen_US
dc.titleThe efficacy of immunotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in patients with advanced rare tumors: A Turkish oncology group (TOG) studyen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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