Phosphonium chloride-based deep eutectic solvents inhibit pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype
Küçük Resim Yok
Dosyalar
Tarih
2024
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Springer
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Herein, we investigated the anti-amoebic activity of phosphonium-chloride-based deep eutectic solvents against pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellanii of the T4 genotype. Deep eutectic solvents are ionic fluids composed of two or three substances, capable of self-association to form a eutectic mixture with a melting point lower than each substance. In this study, three distinct hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents were formulated, employing trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride as the hydrogen bond acceptor and aspirin, dodecanoic acid, and 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid as the hydrogen bond donors. Subsequently, all three deep eutectic solvents, denoted as DES1, DES2, DES3 formulations, underwent investigations comprising amoebicidal, adhesion, excystation, cytotoxicity, and cytopathogenicity assays. The findings revealed that DES2 was the most potent anti-amoebic agent, with a 94% elimination rate against the amoebae within 24 h at 30 degrees C. Adhesion assays revealed that deep eutectic solvents hindered amoebae adhesion to human brain endothelial cells, with DES2 exhibiting 88% reduction of adhesion. Notably, DES3 exhibited remarkable anti-excystation properties, preventing 94% of cysts from reverting to trophozoites. In cytopathogenicity experiments, deep eutectic solvent formulations and dodecanoic acid alone reduced amoebae-induced human brain endothelial cell death, with DES2 showing the highest effects. Lactate dehydrogenase assays revealed the minimal cytotoxicity of the tested deep eutectic solvents, with the exception of trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride, which exhibited 35% endothelial cell damage. These findings underscore the potential of specific deep eutectic solvents in combating pathogenic Acanthamoeba, presenting promising avenues for further research and development against free-living amoebae.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Acanthamoeba Castellanii, Cytotoxicity, Deep Eutectic Solvents, Excystment, Lactate Dehydrogenase
Kaynak
Folia microbiologica
WoS Q DeÄŸeri
Q3
Scopus Q DeÄŸeri
Q2
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Akbar, N., Khan, A. S., Siddiqui, R., Ibrahim, T. H., Khamis, M. I., Alawfi, B. S., ... & Khan, N. A. (2024). Phosphonium chloride–based deep eutectic solvents inhibit pathogenic Acanthamoeba castellanii belonging to the T4 genotype. Folia Microbiologica, 1-13.
